fusionbibs.bib
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@COMMENT{{{The file containts ABBREVIATED versions for abbreviations commonly
used in publishers and journal names. It has to be included in
your \bibliography{...}}
@COMMENT{{{******** Publishers ********}}
@COMMENT{{{**** Wouldn't it be nice if the publisher's address ****
**** could get put into entries automatically? ****}}
@COMMENT{{{******** Misc ********}}
@COMMENT{{{******** Journals ********}}
@COMMENT{{{******** Prefixes ********}}
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@COMMENT{{{The bibliography was collected to contain papers relevant for the
methods of multimodal brain imaging. References herein were
originally used in HHP05. I hope you find the bibliography
useful and I would greatly appreciate any comments/suggestions
-- Yaroslav Halchenko
yoh(a)onerussian.com
}}
@COMMENT{{{**** Entries ****}}
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@ARTICLE{AB02,
AUTHOR = {Arthurs, O. J. and Boniface, S.},
TITLE = {How well do we understand the neural origins of the
f{MRI} {BOLD} signal?},
JOURNAL = {Trends Neurosci},
VOLUME = {25},
NUMBER = {1},
PAGES = {27-31},
ABSTRACT = {The successful use of functional magnetic resonance
imaging (fMRI) as a way of visualizing cortical
function depends largely on the important relationships
between the signal observed and the underlying neuronal
activity that it is believed to represent. Currently, a
relatively direct correlation seems to be favoured
between fMRI signals and population synaptic activity
(including inhibitory and excitatory activity), with a
secondary and potentially more variable correlation
with cellular action potentials.},
AUTHORADDRESS = {Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge,
Box 65, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, CB2 2QQ,
Cambridge, UK.},
KEYWORDS = {Action Potentials/physiology ; Animals ; Cerebral
Cortex/*physiology ; Cerebrovascular
Circulation/*physiology ; Excitatory Postsynaptic
Potentials/physiology ; Human ; *Magnetic Resonance
Imaging ; Neural Inhibition/physiology ;
Neurons/*physiology ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ;
Synaptic Transmission/*physiology},
LANGUAGE = {eng},
MEDLINE-AID = {S0166223600019950 [pii]},
MEDLINE-DA = {20020121},
MEDLINE-DCOM = {20020227},
MEDLINE-EDAT = {2002/01/22 10:00},
MEDLINE-EIN = {Trends Neurosci 2002 Mar;25(3):169},
MEDLINE-FAU = {Arthurs, Owen J ; Boniface, Simon},
MEDLINE-IS = {0166-2236},
MEDLINE-JID = {7808616},
MEDLINE-LR = {20040116},
MEDLINE-MHDA = {2002/02/28 10:01},
MEDLINE-OWN = {NLM},
MEDLINE-PL = {England},
MEDLINE-PMID = {11801335},
MEDLINE-PST = {ppublish},
MEDLINE-PT = {Journal Article ; Review ; Review, Tutorial},
MEDLINE-RF = {36},
MEDLINE-SB = {IM},
MEDLINE-SO = {Trends Neurosci 2002 Jan;25(1):27-31.},
MEDLINE-STAT = {completed},
URL = {http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?cmd=prlinks&dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&id=11801335},
YEAR = 2002
}
@ARTICLE{AB03,
AUTHOR = {Arthurs, O. J. and Boniface, S. J.},
TITLE = {What aspect of the f{MRI} {BOLD} signal best reflects
the underlying electrophysiology in human somatosensory
cortex?},
JOURNAL = {Clin Neurophysiol},
VOLUME = {114},
NUMBER = {7},
PAGES = {1203-1209},
ABSTRACT = {The interpretation of task-induced functional imaging
of the brain is critically dependent on understanding
the relationship between observed haemodynamic
responses and the underlying neural changes. However,
the precise nature of this neurovascular coupling
relationship remains unknown. In particular, it is
unclear which measure of functional magnetic resonance
imaging blood oxygen level dependent (fMRI BOLD)
activity is the best correlate of neural activity. We
measured the somatosensory evoked potential (SEP)
amplitude at the scalp, and fMRI BOLD signal to
increases in intensity of contralateral median nerve
electrical stimulation in healthy non-anaesthetised
subjects. We compared correlation analyses between SEP
amplitude and both peak voxel fMRI BOLD percentage
signal change and mean voxel fMRI BOLD percentage
signal change across a somatosensory cluster, and we
also performed a voxel-by-voxel correlation between
fMRI BOLD activity and SEP amplitude. We found that
fMRI BOLD changes in primary somatosensory cortex
correlate significantly with SEP amplitudes, suggesting
a linear neurovascular coupling relationship under the
conditions investigated. We also found that mean
changes across a cluster correlate less well with SEP
amplitude than peak voxel levels. This suggests that
the area of haemodynamic activity correlating with SEP
amplitude is smaller than the entire cluster observed.},
AUTHORADDRESS = {Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge,
Box 65, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge,
CB2 2QQ, UK.},
KEYWORDS = {Adult ; Brain Mapping ; Comparative Study ; Electric
Stimulation ; Electrophysiology/*methods ; Evoked
Potentials, Somatosensory/*physiology ; Female ;
Hemodynamic Processes/physiology ; Human ; *Magnetic
Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Nerve Net/physiology ;
Oxygen/metabolism ; Somatosensory Cortex/*physiology ;
Support, Non-U.S. Gov't},
LANGUAGE = {eng},
MEDLINE-AID = {S1388245703000804 [pii]},
MEDLINE-DA = {20030704},
MEDLINE-DCOM = {20030820},
MEDLINE-EDAT = {2003/07/05 05:00},
MEDLINE-FAU = {Arthurs, O J ; Boniface, S J},
MEDLINE-IS = {1388-2457},
MEDLINE-JID = {100883319},
MEDLINE-LR = {20031114},
MEDLINE-MHDA = {2003/08/21 05:00},
MEDLINE-OWN = {NLM},
MEDLINE-PL = {Netherlands},
MEDLINE-PMID = {12842716},
MEDLINE-PST = {ppublish},
MEDLINE-PT = {Journal Article},
MEDLINE-RN = {7782-44-7 (Oxygen)},
MEDLINE-SB = {IM},
MEDLINE-SO = {Clin Neurophysiol 2003 Jul;114(7):1203-9.},
MEDLINE-STAT = {completed},
URL = {http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?cmd=prlinks&dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&id=12842716},
YEAR = 2003
}
@ARTICLE{ABH+04,
AUTHOR = {Adjamian, P. and Barnes, G. R. and Hillebrand, A. and
Holliday, I. E. and Singh, K. D. and Furlong, P. L. and
Harrington, E. and Barclay, C. W. and Route, P. J.},
TITLE = {Co-registration of magnetoencephalography with
magnetic resonance imaging using bite-bar-based
fiducials and surface-matching},
JOURNAL = {Clin Neurophysiol},
VOLUME = {115},
NUMBER = {3},
PAGES = {691-698},
ABSTRACT = {OBJECTIVE: To introduce a new technique for
co-registration of Magnetoencephalography (MEG) with
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We compare the
accuracy of a new bite-bar with fixed fiducials to a
previous technique whereby fiducial coils were attached
proximal to landmarks on the skull. METHODS: A bite-bar
with fixed fiducial coils is used to determine the
position of the head in the MEG co-ordinate system.
Co-registration is performed by a surface-matching
technique. The advantage of fixing the coils is that
the co-ordinate system is not based upon arbitrary and
operator dependent fiducial points that are attached to
landmarks (e.g. nasion and the preauricular points),
but rather on those that are permanently fixed in
relation to the skull. RESULTS: As a consequence of
minimizing coil movement during digitization, errors in
localization of the coils are significantly reduced, as
shown by a randomization test. Displacement of the
bite-bar caused by removal and repositioning between
MEG recordings is minimal ( approximately 0.5 mm), and
dipole localization accuracy of a somatosensory mapping
paradigm shows a repeatability of approximately 5 mm.
The overall accuracy of the new procedure is greatly
improved compared to the previous technique.
CONCLUSIONS: The test-retest reliability and accuracy
of target localization with the new design is superior
to techniques that incorporate anatomical-based
fiducial points or coils placed on the circumference of
the head.},
AUTHORADDRESS = {The Wellcome Trust Laboratory for MEG Studies,
Neurosciences Research Institute, Aston University,
Birmingham B4 7ET, UK. adjamiap@aston.ac.uk},
KEYWORDS = {Brain/anatomy & histology ; Comparative Study ; Data
Collection ; Equipment Design ; Head ; Human ; *Image
Processing, Computer-Assisted ; *Magnetic Resonance
Imaging ; *Magnetoencephalography ; Monte Carlo Method
; Posture ; Reproducibility of Results ; Stereotaxic
Techniques/*instrumentation/standards},
LANGUAGE = {eng},
MEDLINE-AID = {10.1016/j.clinph.2003.10.023 [doi] ; S1388245703003791
[pii]},
MEDLINE-DA = {20040323},
MEDLINE-DCOM = {20040407},
MEDLINE-EDAT = {2004/03/24 05:00},
MEDLINE-FAU = {Adjamian, P ; Barnes, G R ; Hillebrand, A ; Holliday,
I E ; Singh, K D ; Furlong, P L ; Harrington, E ;
Barclay, C W ; Route, P J G},
MEDLINE-IS = {1388-2457},
MEDLINE-JID = {100883319},
MEDLINE-MHDA = {2004/04/08 05:00},
MEDLINE-OWN = {NLM},
MEDLINE-PHST = {2003/Oct/20 [accepted]},
MEDLINE-PL = {Netherlands},
MEDLINE-PMID = {15036065},
MEDLINE-PST = {ppublish},
MEDLINE-PT = {Evaluation Studies ; Journal Article},
MEDLINE-SB = {IM},
MEDLINE-SO = {Clin Neurophysiol 2004 Mar;115(3):691-8.},
MEDLINE-STAT = {completed},
URL = {http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?cmd=prlinks&dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&id=15036065},
YEAR = 2004
}
@ARTICLE{AI02,
AUTHOR = {Attwell, D. and Iadecola, C.},
TITLE = {The neural basis of functional brain imaging signals},
JOURNAL = {Trends Neurosci},
VOLUME = {25},
NUMBER = {12},
PAGES = {621-625},
ABSTRACT = {The haemodynamic responses to neural activity that
underlie the blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signal
used in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of
the brain are often assumed to be driven by energy use,
particularly in presynaptic terminals or glia. However,
recent work has suggested that most brain energy is
used to power postsynaptic currents and action
potentials rather than presynaptic or glial activity
and, furthermore, that haemodynamic responses are
driven by neurotransmitter-related signalling and not
directly by the local energy needs of the brain. A firm
understanding of the BOLD response will require
investigation to be focussed on the neural signalling
mechanisms controlling blood flow rather than on the
locus of energy use.},
AUTHORADDRESS = {Dept of Physiology, University College London, Gower
Street, UK. d.attwell@ucl.ac.uk},
KEYWORDS = {Action Potentials/physiology ; Astrocytes/physiology ;
Brain/*blood supply/physiology ; Brain Mapping ;
Cerebrovascular Circulation/*physiology ; Energy
Metabolism/*physiology ; Human ; Magnetic Resonance
Imaging ; Neural Inhibition/physiology ; Presynaptic
Terminals/physiology ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ;
Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.},
LANGUAGE = {eng},
MEDLINE-AID = {S0166223602022646 [pii]},
MEDLINE-DA = {20021126},
MEDLINE-DCOM = {20030113},
MEDLINE-EDAT = {2002/11/26 04:00},
MEDLINE-FAU = {Attwell, David ; Iadecola, Costantino},
MEDLINE-IS = {0166-2236},
MEDLINE-JID = {7808616},
MEDLINE-MHDA = {2003/01/14 04:00},
MEDLINE-OWN = {NLM},
MEDLINE-PL = {England},
MEDLINE-PMID = {12446129},
MEDLINE-PST = {ppublish},
MEDLINE-PT = {Journal Article ; Review ; Review, Tutorial},
MEDLINE-RF = {66},
MEDLINE-SB = {IM},
MEDLINE-SO = {Trends Neurosci 2002 Dec;25(12):621-5.},
MEDLINE-STAT = {Completed},
URL = {http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?cmd=prlinks&dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&id=12446129},
YEAR = 2002
}
@ARTICLE{AJM+04,
AUTHOR = {Arthurs, O. J. and Johansen-Berg, H. and Matthews, P.
M. and Boniface, S. J.},
TITLE = {Attention differentially modulates the coupling of
f{MRI} {BOLD} and evoked potential signal amplitudes in
the human somatosensory cortex},
JOURNAL = {Exp Brain Res},
VOLUME = {157},
NUMBER = {3},
PAGES = {269-274},
ABSTRACT = {Blood oxygenation dependent contrast (BOLD) fMRI is
used increasingly to probe "connectivity" based on
temporal correlations between signals from different
brain regions. This approach assumes that there is
constant local coupling of neuronal activity to the
associated BOLD response. Here we test the alternative
hypothesis that there is not a fixed relationship
between these by determining whether attention
modulates apparent neurovascular coupling. Electrical
stimulation of the median nerve was applied with and
without a concurrent distractor task (serial
subtraction). Increasing stimulation intensity
increased discomfort ratings ( p<0.001) and was
associated with a significant increase in both
somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) N20-P25 amplitude
and BOLD fMRI response in the contralateral primary
(SI) and bilaterally in the secondary somatosensory
cortices. Attention to stimulation was reduced during
distractor task performance and resulted in an overall
trend for reduction in discomfort ( p=0.056), which was
significant at the highest stimulation level ( p<0.05).
A volume of interest analysis confined to SI confirmed
a reduction in BOLD response with distraction (
p<0.001). However, distraction did not measurably
affect SEP magnitude. The quantitative relationship
between the BOLD fMRI response and the local field
potential measured by the early SEP response therefore
varies with attentional context. This may be a
consequence of differences in either local spatial or
temporal signal summation for the two methods. Either
interpretation suggests caution in assuming a simple,
fixed relationship between local BOLD changes and
related electrophysiological activity.},
AUTHORADDRESS = {Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge,
Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Box 65, Cambridge,
CB2 2QQ, UK.},
LANGUAGE = {eng},
MEDLINE-AID = {10.1007/s00221-003-1827-4 [doi]},
MEDLINE-DA = {20040714},
MEDLINE-DEP = {20040619},
MEDLINE-EDAT = {2004/06/29 05:00},
MEDLINE-FAU = {Arthurs, O J ; Johansen-Berg, H ; Matthews, P M ;
Boniface, S J},
MEDLINE-IS = {0014-4819},
MEDLINE-JID = {0043312},
MEDLINE-MHDA = {2004/06/29 05:00},
MEDLINE-OWN = {NLM},
MEDLINE-PHST = {2003/Apr/08 [received] ; 2003/Dec/02 [accepted] ;
2004/Jun/19 [aheadofprint]},
MEDLINE-PL = {Germany},
MEDLINE-PMID = {15221172},
MEDLINE-PST = {ppublish},
MEDLINE-PT = {Journal Article},
MEDLINE-SB = {IM},
MEDLINE-SO = {Exp Brain Res 2004 Aug;157(3):269-74. Epub 2004 Jun
19.},
MEDLINE-STAT = {in-process},
URL = {http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?cmd=prlinks&dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&id=15221172},
YEAR = 2004
}
@ARTICLE{AJT00,
AUTHOR = {Allen, P. J. and Josephs, O. and Turner, R.},
TITLE = {A method for removing imaging artifact from continuous
{EEG} recorded during functional {MRI}},
JOURNAL = {NeuroImage},
VOLUME = {12},
NUMBER = {2},
PAGES = {230-239},
ABSTRACT = {Combined EEG/fMRI recording has been used to localize
the generators of EEG events and to identify subject
state in cognitive studies and is of increasing
interest. However, the large EEG artifacts induced
during fMRI have precluded simultaneous EEG and fMRI
recording, restricting study design. Removing this
artifact is difficult, as it normally exceeds EEG
significantly and contains components in the EEG
frequency range. We have developed a recording system
and an artifact reduction method that reduce this
artifact effectively. The recording system has large
dynamic range to capture both low-amplitude EEG and
large imaging artifact without distortion (resolution 2
microV, range 33.3 mV), 5-kHz sampling, and low-pass
filtering prior to the main gain stage. Imaging
artifact is reduced by subtracting an averaged artifact
waveform, followed by adaptive noise cancellation to
reduce any residual artifact. This method was validated
in recordings from five subjects using periodic and
continuous fMRI sequences. Spectral analysis revealed
differences of only 10 to 18\% between EEG recorded in
the scanner without fMRI and the corrected EEG.
Ninety-nine percent of spike waves (median 74 microV)
added to the recordings were identified in the
corrected EEG compared to 12\% in the uncorrected EEG.
The median noise after artifact reduction was 8 microV.
All these measures indicate that most of the artifact
was removed, with minimal EEG distortion. Using this
recording system and artifact reduction method, we have
demonstrated that simultaneous EEG/fMRI studies are for
the first time possible, extending the scope of
EEG/fMRI studies considerably.},
AUTHORADDRESS = {Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, National
Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University
College London Hospitals, Queen Square, London, WC1N
3BG, United Kingdom.},
KEYWORDS = {Adult ; Algorithms ; *Artifacts ;
Electroencephalography/*methods/statistics & numerical
data ; Female ; Human ; Image Processing,
Computer-Assisted/*methods/statistics & numerical data
; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/*methods/statistics &
numerical data ; Male ; Reproducibility of Results ;
Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted},
LANGUAGE = {eng},
MEDLINE-AID = {10.1006/nimg.2000.0599 [doi] ; S1053811900905998 [pii]},
MEDLINE-CI = {Copyright 2000 Academic Press.},
MEDLINE-DA = {20001011},
MEDLINE-DCOM = {20001011},
MEDLINE-EDAT = {2000/07/29 11:00},
MEDLINE-FAU = {Allen, P J ; Josephs, O ; Turner, R},
MEDLINE-IS = {1053-8119},
MEDLINE-JID = {9215515},
MEDLINE-LR = {20001218},
MEDLINE-MHDA = {2000/10/14 11:01},
MEDLINE-OWN = {NLM},
MEDLINE-PL = {UNITED STATES},
MEDLINE-PMID = {10913328},
MEDLINE-PST = {ppublish},
MEDLINE-PT = {Clinical Trial ; Journal Article},
MEDLINE-SB = {IM},
MEDLINE-SO = {NeuroImage 2000 Aug;12(2):230-9.},
MEDLINE-STAT = {completed},
URL = {http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?cmd=prlinks&dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&id=10913328},
YEAR = 2000
}
@ARTICLE{AMT+03,
AUTHOR = {Anami, K. and Mori, T. and Tanaka, F. and Kawagoe, Y.
and Okamoto, J. and Yarita, M. and Ohnishi, T. and
Yumoto, M. and Matsuda, H. and Saitoh, O.},
TITLE = {Stepping stone sampling for retrieving artifact-free
electroencephalogram during functional magnetic
resonance imaging},
JOURNAL = {NeuroImage},
VOLUME = {19},
NUMBER = {2.1},
PAGES = {281-295},
ABSTRACT = {Ballistocardiogram and imaging artifacts cause major
interference with simultaneous electroencephalogram
(EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)
recording. In particular, the large amplitude of the
imaging artifact precludes easy retrieval of EEG
signals during fMRI scanning. Recording with 20,000-Hz
digitization rate combined with 3000-Hz low-pass filter
revealed the real waveform of the imaging artifact, in
which it was elucidated that each artifact peak
precisely corresponded to each gradient component and
actually had differential waveforms of the original
gradient pulses. Based on this finding, to retrieve EEG
signal during fMRI acquisition, a blip-type echo planar
sequence was modified so that EEG sampling might be
performed at every 1000 micros (digitization rate 1000
Hz) exclusively in the period in which the artifact
resided around the baseline level. This method, called
"stepping stone sampling," substantially attenuated the
amplitude of the imaging artifact. The remnant of the
artifact was subtracted from the averaged artifact
waveform. In human studies, alpha activity was
successfully retrieved by inspection, and its
attenuation/augmentation was observed during eyes
open/closed periods. Fast Fourier transform analysis
further revealed that even from DC up to 120 Hz,
retrieved EEG data during scanning had very similar
power distributions to the data retrieved during no
scanning, implying the availability of the
high-frequency band of the retrieved EEG signals,
including even the gamma band.},
AUTHORADDRESS = {Department of Psychiatry, National Center Hospital for
Mental, Nervous, and Muscular Disorders, National
Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 187-8551,
Japan. anami@ncnpmusashi.gr.jp},
KEYWORDS = {Adult ; Alpha Rhythm ; *Artifacts ;
Ballistocardiography/methods ; Brain Mapping/methods ;
Cerebral Cortex/*physiology ; Echo-Planar
Imaging/methods ; Electroencephalography/*methods ;
Female ; Fourier Analysis ; Human ; Image
Interpretation, Computer-Assisted/*methods ; Magnetic
Resonance Imaging/*methods ; Male ; Phantoms, Imaging ;
Reference Values ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't},
LANGUAGE = {eng},
MEDLINE-AID = {S105381190300048X [pii]},
MEDLINE-DA = {20030619},
MEDLINE-DCOM = {20030826},
MEDLINE-EDAT = {2003/06/20 05:00},
MEDLINE-FAU = {Anami, Kimitaka ; Mori, Takeyuki ; Tanaka, Fumiko ;
Kawagoe, Yusuke ; Okamoto, Jun ; Yarita, Masaru ;
Ohnishi, Takashi ; Yumoto, Masato ; Matsuda, Hiroshi ;
Saitoh, Osamu},
MEDLINE-IS = {1053-8119},
MEDLINE-JID = {9215515},
MEDLINE-MHDA = {2003/08/27 05:00},
MEDLINE-OWN = {NLM},
MEDLINE-PL = {United States},
MEDLINE-PMID = {12814579},
MEDLINE-PST = {ppublish},
MEDLINE-PT = {Journal Article},
MEDLINE-SB = {IM},
MEDLINE-SO = {NeuroImage 2003 Jun;19(2 Pt 1):281-95.},
MEDLINE-STAT = {completed},
URL = {http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?cmd=prlinks&dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&id=12814579},
YEAR = 2003
}
@ARTICLE{APS+04,
AUTHOR = {Angelone, L. M. and Potthast, A. and Segonne, F. and
Iwaki, S. and Belliveau, J. W. and Bonmassar, G.},
TITLE = {Metallic electrodes and leads in simultaneous
{EEG}-{MRI}: specific absorption rate ({SAR})
simulation studies},
JOURNAL = {Bioelectromagnetics},
VOLUME = {25},
NUMBER = {4},
PAGES = {285-295},
ABSTRACT = {The purpose of this study was to investigate the
changes in specific absorption rate (SAR) in human-head
tissues while using nonmagnetic metallic
electroencephalography (EEG) electrodes and leads
during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A realistic,
high resolution (1 mm(3)) head model from individual
MRI data was adopted to describe accurately thin
tissues, such as bone marrow and skin. The RF power
dissipated in the human head was evaluated using the
FDTD algorithm. Both surface and bird cage coils were
used. The following numbers of EEG electrodes/leads
were considered: 16, 31, 62, and 124. Simulations were
performed at 128 and 300 MHz. The difference in SAR
between the electrodes/leads and no-electrodes
conditions was greater with the bird cage coil than
with the surface coil. The peak 1 g averaged SAR values
were highest at 124 electrodes, increasing to as much
as two orders of magnitude (x172.3) at 300 MHz compared
to the original value. At 300 MHz, there was a fourfold
(x3.6) increase of SAR averaged over the bone marrow,
and a sevenfold (x7.4) increase in the skin. At 128
MHz, there was a fivefold (x5.6) increase of whole head
SAR. Head models were obtained from two different
subjects, with an inter-subject whole head SAR
variability of 3\%. .},
AUTHORADDRESS = {MGH/MIT/HMS Athinoula A. Martinos Center for
Functional Imaging, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129,
USA. angelone@nmr.mgh.harvard.edu},
KEYWORDS = {Adult ; *Electrodes ;
Electroencephalography/*instrumentation ; Human ;
Magnetic Resonance Imaging/*instrumentation ; Male ;
Support, Non-U.S. Gov't},
LANGUAGE = {eng},
MEDLINE-AID = {10.1002/bem.10198 [doi]},
MEDLINE-CI = {Copyright 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.},
MEDLINE-DA = {20040428},
MEDLINE-DCOM = {20040903},
MEDLINE-EDAT = {2004/04/29 05:00},
MEDLINE-FAU = {Angelone, Leonardo M ; Potthast, Andreas ; Segonne,
Florent ; Iwaki, Sunao ; Belliveau, John W ; Bonmassar,
Giorgio},
MEDLINE-IS = {0197-8462},
MEDLINE-JID = {8008281},
MEDLINE-MHDA = {2004/09/04 05:00},
MEDLINE-OWN = {NLM},
MEDLINE-PL = {United States},
MEDLINE-PMID = {15114638},
MEDLINE-PST = {ppublish},
MEDLINE-PT = {Journal Article},
MEDLINE-SB = {IM},
MEDLINE-SO = {Bioelectromagnetics 2004 May;25(4):285-95.},
MEDLINE-STAT = {completed},
URL = {http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?cmd=prlinks&dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&id=15114638},
YEAR = 2004
}
@ARTICLE{AS04,
AUTHOR = {Ahlfors, S. P. and Simpson, G. V.},
TITLE = {Geometrical interpretation of f{MRI}-guided
{MEG}/{EEG} inverse estimates},
JOURNAL = {NeuroImage},
VOLUME = {22},
NUMBER = {1},
PAGES = {323-332},
ABSTRACT = {Magneto- and electroencephalography (MEG/EEG) and
functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) provide
complementary information about the functional
organization of the human brain. An important advantage
of MEG/EEG is the millisecond time resolution in
detecting electrical activity in the cerebral cortex.
The interpretation of MEG/EEG signals, however, is
limited by the difficulty of determining the spatial
distribution of the neural activity. Functional MRI can
help in the MEG/EEG source analysis by suggesting
likely locations of activity. We present a geometric
interpretation of fMRI-guided inverse solutions in
which the MEG/EEG source estimate minimizes a distance
to a subspace defined by the fMRI data. In this
subspace regularization (SSR) approach, the fMRI bias
does not assume preferred amplitudes for MEG/EEG
sources, only locations. Characteristic dependence of
the source estimates on the regularization parameters
is illustrated with simulations. When the fMRI
locations match the true MEG/EEG source locations, they
serve to bias the underdetermined MEG/EEG inverse
solution toward the fMRI loci. Importantly, when the
fMRI loci do not match the true MEG/EEG loci, the
solution is insensitive to those fMRI loci.},
AUTHORADDRESS = {MGH/MIT/HMS Athinoula A. Martinos Center for
Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital,
Harvard Medical School, 149 13th Street, Mailcode
149-2301, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
seppo@nmr.mgh.harvard.edu},
LANGUAGE = {eng},
MEDLINE-AID = {10.1016/j.neuroimage.2003.12.044 [doi] ;
S1053811904000199 [pii]},
MEDLINE-DA = {20040427},
MEDLINE-EDAT = {2004/04/28 05:00},
MEDLINE-FAU = {Ahlfors, Seppo P ; Simpson, Gregory V},
MEDLINE-GR = {DA 09972/DA/NIDA ; MH/DA 52176/MH/NIMH ; NS
27900/NS/NINDS ; P41 RR 14075/RR/NCRR},
MEDLINE-IS = {1053-8119},
MEDLINE-JID = {9215515},
MEDLINE-MHDA = {2004/04/28 05:00},
MEDLINE-OWN = {NLM},
MEDLINE-PHST = {2003/Aug/28 [received] ; 2003/Dec/18 [revised] ;
2003/Dec/23 [accepted]},
MEDLINE-PL = {United States},
MEDLINE-PMID = {15110022},
MEDLINE-PST = {ppublish},
MEDLINE-PT = {Journal Article},
MEDLINE-SB = {IM},
MEDLINE-SO = {NeuroImage 2004 May;22(1):323-32.},
MEDLINE-STAT = {in-process},
URL = {http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?cmd=prlinks&dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&id=15110022},
YEAR = 2004
}
@ARTICLE{ASD+99,
AUTHOR = {Ahlfors, S. P. and Simpson, G. V. and Dale, A. M. and
Belliveau, J. W. and Liu, A. K. and Korvenoja, A. and
Virtanen, J. and Huotilainen, M. and Tootell, R. B. and
Aronen, H. J. and Ilmoniemi, R. J.},
TITLE = {Spatiotemporal activity of a cortical network for
processing visual motion revealed by {MEG} and f{MRI}.},
JOURNAL = {J Neurophysiol},
VOLUME = {82},
NUMBER = {5},
PAGES = {2545-2555},
ABSTRACT = {A sudden change in the direction of motion is a
particularly salient and relevant feature of visual
information. Extensive research has identified cortical
areas responsive to visual motion and characterized
their sensitivity to different features of motion, such
as directional specificity. However, relatively little
is known about responses to sudden changes in
direction. Electrophysiological data from animals and
functional imaging data from humans suggest a number of
brain areas responsive to motion, presumably working as
a network. Temporal patterns of activity allow the same
network to process information in different ways. The
present study in humans sought to determine which
motion-sensitive areas are involved in processing
changes in the direction of motion and to characterize
the temporal patterns of processing within this network
of brain regions. To accomplish this, we used both
magnetoencephalography (MEG) and functional magnetic
resonance imaging (fMRI). The fMRI data were used as
supplementary information in the localization of MEG
sources. The change in the direction of visual motion
was found to activate a number of areas, each
displaying a different temporal behavior. The fMRI
revealed motion-related activity in areas MT+ (the
human homologue of monkey middle temporal area and
possibly also other motion sensitive areas next to MT),
a region near the posterior end of the superior
temporal sulcus (pSTS), V3A, and V1/V2. The MEG data
suggested additional frontal sources. An equivalent
dipole model for the generators of MEG signals
indicated activity in MT+, starting at 130 ms and
peaking at 170 ms after the reversal of the direction
of motion, and then again at approximately 260 ms.
Frontal activity began 0-20 ms later than in MT+, and
peaked approximately 180 ms. Both pSTS and FEF+ showed
long-duration activity continuing over the latency
range of 200-400 ms. MEG responses in the region of V3A
and V1/V2 were relatively small, and peaked at longer
latencies than the initial peak in MT+. These data
revealed characteristic patterns of activity in this
cortical network for processing sudden changes in the
direction of visual motion.},
AUTHORADDRESS = {Dynamic Brain Imaging Laboratory, Departments of
Neurology and Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of
Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA.},
KEYWORDS = {Adult ; *Brain Mapping ; Cerebral Cortex/*physiology ;
*Evoked Potentials, Visual ; Human ; Magnetic Resonance
Imaging/*methods ; Magnetoencephalography/*methods ;
Male ; Middle Aged ; Motion Perception/*physiology ;
Nerve Net/physiology ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ;
Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.},
LANGUAGE = {eng},
MEDLINE-DA = {19991217},
MEDLINE-DCOM = {19991217},
MEDLINE-EDAT = {1999/11/24},
MEDLINE-FAU = {Ahlfors, S P ; Simpson, G V ; Dale, A M ; Belliveau, J
W ; Liu, A K ; Korvenoja, A ; Virtanen, J ;
Huotilainen, M ; Tootell, R B ; Aronen, H J ;
Ilmoniemi, R J},
MEDLINE-GR = {MH-DA52176/MH/NIMH ; NS27900/NS/NINDS ;
NS37462/NS/NINDS},
MEDLINE-IS = {0022-3077},
MEDLINE-JID = {0375404},
MEDLINE-LR = {20031114},
MEDLINE-MHDA = {1999/11/24 00:01},
MEDLINE-OWN = {NLM},
MEDLINE-PL = {UNITED STATES},
MEDLINE-PMID = {10561425},
MEDLINE-PST = {ppublish},
MEDLINE-PT = {Journal Article},
MEDLINE-SB = {IM ; S},
MEDLINE-SO = {J Neurophysiol 1999 Nov;82(5):2545-55.},
MEDLINE-STAT = {Completed},
URL = {http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?cmd=prlinks&dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&id=10561425},
YEAR = 1999
}
@ARTICLE{AZD98,
AUTHOR = {Aguirre, G. K. and Zarahn, E. and D'esposito, M.},
TITLE = {The variability of human, {BOLD} hemodynamic
responses.},
JOURNAL = {NeuroImage},
VOLUME = {8},
NUMBER = {4},
PAGES = {360-369},
ABSTRACT = {Cerebral hemodynamic responses to brief periods of
neural activity are delayed and dispersed in time. The
specific shape of these responses is of some importance
to the design and analysis of blood oxygenation
level-dependent (BOLD), functional magnetic resonance
imaging (fMRI) experiments. Using fMRI scanning, we
examine here the characteristics and variability of
hemodynamic responses from the central sulcus in human
subjects during an event-related, simple reaction time
task. Specifically, we determine the contribution of
subject, day, and scanning session (within a day) to
variability in the shape of evoked hemodynamic
response. We find that while there is significant and
substantial variability in the shape of responses
collected across subjects, responses collected during
multiple scans within a single subject are less
variable. The results are discussed in terms of the
impact of response variability upon sensitivity and
specificity of analyses of event-related fMRI designs.},
AUTHORADDRESS = {Department of Neurology, Hospital of the University of
Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104-4283,
USA.},
KEYWORDS = {Adult ; Brain/anatomy & histology ; Cerebrovascular
Circulation/*physiology ; Female ; Hemodynamic
Processes/*physiology ; Human ; Image Processing,
Computer-Assisted/*methods ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging
; Male ; Models, Neurological ; Oxygen/*blood ;
Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.},
LANGUAGE = {eng},
MEDLINE-AID = {S105381199890369X [pii]},
MEDLINE-CI = {Copyright 1998 Academic Press.},
MEDLINE-DA = {19990112},
MEDLINE-DCOM = {19990112},
MEDLINE-EDAT = {1998/11/13},
MEDLINE-FAU = {Aguirre, G K ; Zarahn, E ; D'esposito, M},
MEDLINE-GR = {AG13483/AG/NIA ; NS01762/NS/NINDS},
MEDLINE-IS = {1053-8119},
MEDLINE-JID = {9215515},
MEDLINE-LR = {20031114},
MEDLINE-MHDA = {1998/11/13 00:01},
MEDLINE-OWN = {NLM},
MEDLINE-PL = {UNITED STATES},
MEDLINE-PMID = {9811554},
MEDLINE-PST = {ppublish},
MEDLINE-PT = {Clinical Trial ; Journal Article},
MEDLINE-RN = {7782-44-7 (Oxygen)},
MEDLINE-SB = {IM},
MEDLINE-SO = {NeuroImage 1998 Nov;8(4):360-9.},
MEDLINE-STAT = {Completed},
URL = {http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?cmd=prlinks&dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&id=9811554},
YEAR = 1998
}
@ARTICLE{BAB+04,
AUTHOR = {Bagshaw, A. P. and Aghakhani, Y. and Benar, C. G. and
Kobayashi, E. and Hawco, C. and Dubeau, F. and Pike, G.
B. and Gotman, J.},
TITLE = {E{EG}-f{MRI} of focal epileptic spikes: analysis with
multiple haemodynamic functions and comparison with
gadolinium-enhanced {MR} angiograms},
JOURNAL = {Hum Brain Mapp},
VOLUME = {22},
NUMBER = {3},
PAGES = {179-192},
ABSTRACT = {Combined EEG-fMRI has recently been used to explore
the BOLD responses to interictal epileptiform
discharges. This study examines whether
misspecification of the form of the haemodynamic
response function (HRF) results in significant fMRI
responses being missed in the statistical analysis.
EEG-fMRI data from 31 patients with focal epilepsy were
analysed with four HRFs peaking from 3 to 9 sec after
each interictal event, in addition to a standard HRF
that peaked after 5.4 sec. In four patients, fMRI
responses were correlated with gadolinium-enhanced MR
angiograms and with EEG data from intracranial
electrodes. In an attempt to understand the absence of
BOLD responses in a significant group of patients, the
degree of signal loss occurring as a result of magnetic
field inhomogeneities was compared with the detected
fMRI responses in ten patients with temporal lobe
spikes. Using multiple HRFs resulted in an increased
percentage of data sets with significant fMRI
activations, from 45\% when using the standard HRF
alone, to 62.5\%. The standard HRF was good at
detecting positive BOLD responses, but less appropriate
for negative BOLD responses, the majority of which were
more accurately modelled by an HRF that peaked later
than the standard. Co-registration of statistical maps
with gadolinium-enhanced MRIs suggested that the
detected fMRI responses were not in general related to
large veins. Signal loss in the temporal lobes seemed
to be an important factor in 7 of 12 patients who did
not show fMRI activations with any of the HRFs.},
AUTHORADDRESS = {Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University,
Montreal, Quebec, Canada. bagshaw@mcgill.ca},
LANGUAGE = {eng},
MEDLINE-AID = {10.1002/hbm.20024 [doi]},
MEDLINE-CI = {Copyright 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.},
MEDLINE-DA = {20040614},
MEDLINE-EDAT = {2004/06/15 05:00},
MEDLINE-FAU = {Bagshaw, Andrew P ; Aghakhani, Yahya ; Benar,
Christian-G ; Kobayashi, Eliane ; Hawco, Colin ;
Dubeau, Francois ; Pike, G Bruce ; Gotman, Jean},
MEDLINE-IS = {1065-9471},
MEDLINE-JID = {9419065},
MEDLINE-MHDA = {2004/06/15 05:00},
MEDLINE-OWN = {NLM},
MEDLINE-PL = {United States},
MEDLINE-PMID = {15195285},
MEDLINE-PST = {ppublish},
MEDLINE-PT = {Journal Article},
MEDLINE-SB = {IM},
MEDLINE-SO = {Hum Brain Mapp 2004 Jul;22(3):179-92.},
MEDLINE-STAT = {in-process},
URL = {http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?cmd=prlinks&dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&id=15195285},
YEAR = 2004
}
@ARTICLE{BAM+99,
AUTHOR = {Brooks, D. H. and Ahmad, G. F. and MacLeod, R. S. and
Maratos, G. M.},
TITLE = {Inverse electrocardiography by simultaneous imposition
of multiple constraints},
JOURNAL = {IEEE Trans Biomed Eng},
VOLUME = {46},
NUMBER = {1},
PAGES = {3-18},
ABSTRACT = {We describe two new methods for the inverse problem of
electrocardiography. Both employ regularization with
multiple constraints, rather than the standard
single-constraint regularization. In one method,
multiple constraints on the spatial behavior of the
solution are used simultaneously. In the other, spatial
constraints are used simultaneously with constraints on
the temporal behavior of the solution. The specific
cases of two spatial constraints and one spatial and
one temporal constraint are considered in detail. A new
method, the L-Surface, is presented to guide the choice
of the required pairs of regularization parameters. In
the case when both spatial and temporal regularization
are used simultaneously, there is an increased
computational burden, and two methods are presented to
compute solutions efficiently. The methods are verified
by simulations using both dipole sources and measured
canine epicardial data.},
AUTHORADDRESS = {Electrical and Computer Engineering Department,
Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
brooks@cdsp.neu.edu},
KEYWORDS = {Animals ; Dogs ; Electrocardiography/*methods ;
Mathematics ; *Models, Cardiovascular ; *Signal
Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Support, U.S. Gov't,
Non-P.H.S.},
LANGUAGE = {eng},
MEDLINE-DA = {19990311},
MEDLINE-DCOM = {19990311},
MEDLINE-EDAT = {1999/01/27},
MEDLINE-FAU = {Brooks, D H ; Ahmad, G F ; MacLeod, R S ; Maratos, G M},
MEDLINE-IS = {0018-9294},
MEDLINE-JID = {0012737},
MEDLINE-LR = {20031114},
MEDLINE-MHDA = {1999/01/27 00:01},
MEDLINE-OWN = {NLM},
MEDLINE-PL = {UNITED STATES},
MEDLINE-PMID = {9919821},
MEDLINE-PST = {ppublish},
MEDLINE-PT = {Journal Article},
MEDLINE-SB = {IM},
MEDLINE-SO = {IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 1999 Jan;46(1):3-18.},
MEDLINE-STAT = {completed},
URL = {http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?cmd=prlinks&dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&id=9919821},
YEAR = 1999
}
@ARTICLE{BB02,
AUTHOR = {Bodurka, J. and Bandettini, P. A.},
TITLE = {Toward direct mapping of neuronal activity: {MRI}
detection of ultraweak, transient magnetic field
changes},
JOURNAL = {Magn Reson Med},
VOLUME = {47},
NUMBER = {6},
PAGES = {1052-1058},
ABSTRACT = {A novel method based on selective detection of rapidly
changing DeltaB(0) magnetic fields and suppression of
slowly changing DeltaB(0) fields is presented. The
ultimate goal of this work is to present a method that
may allow detection of transient and subtle changes in
B(0) in cortical tissue associated with electrical
currents produced by neuronal activity. The method
involves the detection of NMR phase changes that occur
during a single-shot spin-echo (SE) echo-planar
sequence (EPI) echo time. SE EPI effectively rephases
all changes in B(0) that occur on a time scale longer
than the echo time (TE) and amplifies all DeltaB(0)
changes that occur during TE/2. The method was tested
on a phantom that contains wires in which current can
be modulated. The sensitivity and flexibility of the
technique was demonstrated by modulation of the
temporal position and duration of the stimuli-evoked
transient magnetic field relative to the 180 RF pulse
in the imaging sequence-requiring precise stimulus
timing. Currently, with this method magnetic field
changes as small as 2 x 10(-10) T (200 pT) and lasting
for 40 msec can be detected. Implications for direct
mapping of brain neuronal activity with MRI are
discussed.},
AUTHORADDRESS = {3 Tesla Functional Neuroimaging Facility, National
Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
20892-1148, USA. jbodurka@codon.nih.gov},
KEYWORDS = {Brain Mapping/*instrumentation/methods ;
Electromagnetic Fields ; Human ; Image Processing,
Computer-Assisted ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/*methods
; Neurons/*physiology ; *Phantoms, Imaging},
LANGUAGE = {eng},
MEDLINE-AID = {10.1002/mrm.10159 [doi]},
MEDLINE-CI = {Published 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.},
MEDLINE-DA = {20020711},
MEDLINE-DCOM = {20021007},
MEDLINE-EDAT = {2002/07/12 10:00},
MEDLINE-FAU = {Bodurka, Jerzy ; Bandettini, Peter A},
MEDLINE-IS = {0740-3194},
MEDLINE-JID = {8505245},
MEDLINE-MHDA = {2002/10/09 04:00},
MEDLINE-OWN = {NLM},
MEDLINE-PL = {United States},
MEDLINE-PMID = {12111950},
MEDLINE-PST = {ppublish},
MEDLINE-PT = {Journal Article},
MEDLINE-SB = {IM},
MEDLINE-SO = {Magn Reson Med 2002 Jun;47(6):1052-8.},
MEDLINE-STAT = {completed},
URL = {http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?cmd=prlinks&dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&id=12111950},
YEAR = 2002
}
@ARTICLE{BBC+02,
AUTHOR = {Babiloni, F. and Babiloni, C. and Carducci, F. and Del
Gratta, C. and Romani, G. L. and Rossini, P. M. and
Cincotti, F.},
TITLE = {Cortical source estimate of combined high resolution
{EEG} and f{MRI} data related to voluntary movements},
JOURNAL = {Methods Inf Med},
VOLUME = {41},
NUMBER = {5},
PAGES = {443-450},
ABSTRACT = {OBJECTIVES: In this paper, we employed advanced
methods for the modeling of human cortical activity
related to voluntary right one-digit movements from
combined high-resolution electroencepholography (EEG)
and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).
METHODS: Multimodal integration between EEG and fMRI
data was performed by using realistic head models, a
large number of scalp electrodes (128) and the
estimation of current density strengths by linear
inverse estimation. RESULTS: Increasing of spatial
details of the estimated cortical density distributions
has been detected by using the proposed integration
method with respect to the estimation using EEG data
alone. CONCLUSION: The proposed method of multimodal
EEG-fMRI data is useful to increase spatial resolution
of movement-related potentials and can also be applied
to other kinds of event-related potentials.},
AUTHORADDRESS = {Dipartimento di Fisiologia Umana e Farmacologia,
Universita di Roma La Sapienza, Roma, Italy.
Fabio.Babiloni@uniroma1.it},
KEYWORDS = {Brain Mapping/methods ; Cerebral Cortex/*physiology ;
Cortical Synchronization ; Electrodes ;
Electroencephalography/*methods ; Human ;
Magnetoencephalography/*methods ; Motor
Activity/*physiology ; Nerve Net ; Signal Processing,
Computer-Assisted ; *Systems Integration},
LANGUAGE = {eng},
MEDLINE-DA = {20021227},
MEDLINE-DCOM = {20030225},
MEDLINE-EDAT = {2002/12/28 04:00},
MEDLINE-FAU = {Babiloni, F ; Babiloni, C ; Carducci, F ; Del Gratta,
C ; Romani, G L ; Rossini, P M ; Cincotti, F},
MEDLINE-IS = {0026-1270},
MEDLINE-JID = {0210453},
MEDLINE-MHDA = {2003/02/26 04:00},
MEDLINE-OWN = {NLM},
MEDLINE-PL = {Germany},
MEDLINE-PMID = {12501818},
MEDLINE-PST = {ppublish},
MEDLINE-PT = {Journal Article},
MEDLINE-SB = {IM},
MEDLINE-SO = {Methods Inf Med 2002;41(5):443-50.},
MEDLINE-STAT = {completed},
YEAR = 2002
}
@ARTICLE{BBC+03c,
AUTHOR = {Babiloni, F. and Babiloni, C. and Carducci, F. and
Romani, G. L. and Rossini, P. M. and Angelone, L. M.
and Cincotti, F.},
TITLE = {Multimodal integration of high-resolution {EEG} and
functional magnetic resonance imaging data: a
simulation study},
JOURNAL = {NeuroImage},
VOLUME = {19},
NUMBER = {1},
PAGES = {1-15},
ABSTRACT = {Previous simulation studies have stressed the
importance of the use of fMRI priors in the estimation
of cortical current density. However, no systematic
variations of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and number of
electrodes were explicitly taken into account in the
estimation process. In this simulation study we
considered the utility of including information as
estimated from fMRI. This was done by using as the
dependent variable both the correlation coefficient and
the relative error between the imposed and the
estimated waveforms at the level of cortical region of
interests (ROI). A realistic head and cortical surface
model was used. Factors used in the simulations were
the different values of SNR of the scalp-generated
data, the different inverse operators used to estimated
the cortical source activity, the strengths of the fMRI
priors in the fMRI-based inverse operators, and the
number of scalp electrodes used in the analysis.
Analysis of variance results suggested that all the
considered factors significantly afflict the
correlation and the relative error between the
estimated and the simulated cortical activity. For the
ROIs analyzed with simulated fMRI hot spots, it was
observed that the best estimation of cortical source
currents was performed with the inverse operators that
used fMRI information. When the ROIs analyzed do not
present fMRI hot spots, both standard (i.e., minimum
norm) and fMRI-based inverse operators returned
statistically equivalent correlation and relative error
values.},
AUTHORADDRESS = {Dipartimento di Fisiologia Umana e Farmacologia,
Universita di Rome La Sapienza, Italy.
Fabio.Babiloni@uniromal.it},
KEYWORDS = {Analysis of Variance ; Brain Mapping ; Cerebral
Cortex/*physiology ; *Computer Simulation ;
*Electroencephalography ; Electrophysiology ; Human ;
*Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; *Models, Neurological},
LANGUAGE = {eng},
MEDLINE-AID = {S1053811903000521 [pii]},
MEDLINE-DA = {20030603},
MEDLINE-DCOM = {20030721},
MEDLINE-EDAT = {2003/06/05 05:00},
MEDLINE-FAU = {Babiloni, F ; Babiloni, C ; Carducci, F ; Romani, G L
; Rossini, P M ; Angelone, L M ; Cincotti, F},
MEDLINE-IS = {1053-8119},
MEDLINE-JID = {9215515},
MEDLINE-MHDA = {2003/07/23 05:00},
MEDLINE-OWN = {NLM},
MEDLINE-PL = {United States},
MEDLINE-PMID = {12781723},
MEDLINE-PST = {ppublish},
MEDLINE-PT = {Journal Article},
MEDLINE-SB = {IM},
MEDLINE-SO = {NeuroImage 2003 May;19(1):1-15.},
MEDLINE-STAT = {completed},
YEAR = 2003
}
@ARTICLE{BCB+05,
AUTHOR = {Babiloni, F. and Cincotti, F. and Babiloni, C. and
Carducci, F. and Mattia, D. and Astolfi, L. and
Basilisco, A. and Rossini, P.M. and Ding, L. and Ni, Y.
and Cheng, J. and Christine, K. and Sweeney, J. and He,
B.},
TITLE = {Estimation of the cortical functional connectivity
with the multimodal integration of high-resolution
{EEG} and f{MRI} data by directed transfer function.},
JOURNAL = {Neuroimage},
VOLUME = {24},
NUMBER = {1},
PAGES = {118-131},
ABSTRACT = {Nowadays, several types of brain imaging device are
available to provide images of the functional activity
of the cerebral cortex based on hemodynamic, metabolic,
or electromagnetic measurements. However, static images
of brain regions activated during particular tasks do
not convey the information of how these regions
communicate with each other. In this study, advanced
methods for the estimation of cortical connectivity
from combined high-resolution electroencephalography
(EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)
data are presented. These methods include a subject's
multicompartment head model (scalp, skull, dura mater,
cortex) constructed from individual magnetic resonance
images, multidipole source model, and regularized
linear inverse source estimates of cortical current
density. Determination of the priors in the resolution
of the linear inverse problem was performed with the
use of information from the hemodynamic responses of
the cortical areas as revealed by block-designed
(strength of activated voxels) fMRI. We estimate
functional cortical connectivity by computing the
directed transfer function (DTF) on the estimated
cortical current density waveforms in regions of
interest (ROIs) on the modeled cortical mantle. The
proposed method was able to unveil the direction of the
information flow between the cortical regions of
interest, as it is directional in nature. Furthermore,
this method allows to detect changes in the time course
of information flow between cortical regions in
different frequency bands. The reliability of these
techniques was further demonstrated by elaboration of
high-resolution EEG and fMRI signals collected during
visually triggered finger movements in four healthy
subjects. Connectivity patterns estimated for this task
reveal an involvement of right parietal and bilateral
premotor and prefrontal cortical areas. This cortical
region involvement resembles that revealed in previous
studies where visually triggered finger movements were
analyzed with the use of separate EEG or fMRI
measurements.},
AUTHORADDRESS = {Department of Human Physiology and Pharmacology,
University "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy; IRCCS Fondazione
Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.},
LANGUAGE = {eng},
MEDLINE-AID = {S1053-8119(04)00564-6 [pii] ;
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.09.036 [doi]},
MEDLINE-DA = {20041213},
MEDLINE-EDAT = {2004/12/14 09:00},
MEDLINE-FAU = {Babiloni, F ; Cincotti, F ; Babiloni, C ; Carducci, F
; Mattia, D ; Astolfi, L ; Basilisco, A ; Rossini, P M
; Ding, L ; Ni, Y ; Cheng, J ; Christine, K ; Sweeney,
J ; He, B},
MEDLINE-IS = {1053-8119},
MEDLINE-JID = {9215515},
MEDLINE-MHDA = {2004/12/14 09:00},
MEDLINE-OWN = {NLM},
MEDLINE-PHST = {2004/03/02 [received] ; 2004/05/17 [revised] ;
2004/09/23 [accepted]},
MEDLINE-PL = {United States},
MEDLINE-PMID = {15588603},
MEDLINE-PST = {ppublish},
MEDLINE-PT = {Journal Article},
MEDLINE-PUBM = {Print},
MEDLINE-SB = {IM},
MEDLINE-SO = {Neuroimage 2005 Jan 1;24(1):118-31.},
MEDLINE-STAT = {In-Data-Review},
URL = {http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?cmd=prlinks&dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&id=15588603},
YEAR = 2005
}
@ARTICLE{BEG+96,
AUTHOR = {Boynton, G. M. and Engel, S. A. and Glover, G. H. and
Heeger, D. J.},
TITLE = {Linear systems analysis of functional magnetic
resonance imaging in human {V}1},
JOURNAL = {J Neurosci},
VOLUME = {16},
NUMBER = {13},
PAGES = {4207-4221},
ABSTRACT = {The linear transform model of functional magnetic
resonance imaging (fMRI) hypothesizes that fMRI
responses are proportional to local average neural
activity averaged over a period of time. This work
reports results from three empirical tests that support
this hypothesis. First, fMRI responses in human primary
visual cortex (V1) depend separably on stimulus timing
and stimulus contrast. Second, responses to
long-duration stimuli can be predicted from responses
to shorter duration stimuli. Third, the noise in the
fMRI data is independent of stimulus contrast and
temporal period. Although these tests can not prove the
correctness of the linear transform model, they might
have been used to reject the model. Because the linear
transform model is consistent with our data, we
proceeded to estimate the temporal fMRI
impulse-response function and the underlying
(presumably neural) contrast-response function of human
V1.},
AUTHORADDRESS = {Department of Psychology, Stanford University,
California 94305, USA.},
KEYWORDS = {Artifacts ; Human ; *Magnetic Resonance Imaging ;
Models, Neurological ; Noise ; Photic Stimulation ;
Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. ;
Time Factors ; Visual Cortex/*physiology},
LANGUAGE = {eng},
MEDLINE-DA = {19961213},
MEDLINE-DCOM = {19961213},
MEDLINE-EDAT = {1996/07/01},
MEDLINE-FAU = {Boynton, G M ; Engel, S A ; Glover, G H ; Heeger, D J},
MEDLINE-GR = {IEQA455/PHS ; MH50228/MH/NIMH ; P41 RR09784/RR/NCRR},
MEDLINE-IS = {0270-6474},
MEDLINE-JID = {8102140},
MEDLINE-LR = {20001218},
MEDLINE-MHDA = {1996/07/01 00:01},
MEDLINE-OWN = {NLM},
MEDLINE-PL = {UNITED STATES},
MEDLINE-PMID = {8753882},
MEDLINE-PST = {ppublish},
MEDLINE-PT = {Journal Article},
MEDLINE-SB = {IM},
MEDLINE-SO = {J Neurosci 1996 Jul 1;16(13):4207-21.},
MEDLINE-STAT = {completed},
URL = {http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?cmd=prlinks&dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&id=8753882},
YEAR = 1996
}
@ARTICLE{BESL-MCKAY92A,
AUTHOR = {Besl, P. J. and McKay, N. D.},
TITLE = {A Method for Registration of {3-D} Shapes},
JOURNAL = {IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Machine Intell.},
YEAR = 1992,
VOLUME = 14,
NUMBER = 2,
KEYWORDS = {ICP},
MONTH = FEB
}
@ARTICLE{BET+97,
AUTHOR = {Beisteiner, R. and Erdler, M. and Teichtmeister, C.
and Diemling, M. and Moser, E. and Edward, V. and
Deecke, L.},
TITLE = {Magnetoencephalography may help to improve functional
{MRI} brain mapping},
JOURNAL = {Eur J Neurosci},
VOLUME = {9},
NUMBER = {5},
PAGES = {1072-1077},
ABSTRACT = {The validity of functional magnetic resonance imaging
(FMRI) brain maps with respect to the sites of neuronal
activation is still unknown. One source of localization
error may be pixels with large signal amplitudes, since
such pixels may be expected to overlie large vessels,
running remote from the centre of neuronal activation.
In this study, magnetoencephalography was used to
determine the centre of neuronal activation in a simple
finger tapping task. The localization accuracy of
conventional FMRI depending on FMRI signal enhancement
was investigated relative to the magnetoencephalography
reference. The results show a deterioration of FMRI
localization with increasing signal amplitude related
to increased contributions from large vessels. We
conclude that FMRI data analysis should exclude large
signal amplitudes and that magnetoencephalography may
help to improve FMRI brain mapping results in a
multimethod approach.},
AUTHORADDRESS = {Department of Neurology, University of Vienna,
Austria.},
KEYWORDS = {Adult ; Brain/*physiology ; *Brain Mapping ; Human ;
Magnetic Resonance Imaging/*methods ;
*Magnetoencephalography ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't},
LANGUAGE = {eng},
MEDLINE-DA = {19970721},
MEDLINE-DCOM = {19970721},
MEDLINE-EDAT = {1997/05/01},
MEDLINE-FAU = {Beisteiner, R ; Erdler, M ; Teichtmeister, C ;
Diemling, M ; Moser, E ; Edward, V ; Deecke, L},
MEDLINE-IS = {0953-816X},
MEDLINE-JID = {8918110},
MEDLINE-LR = {20001218},
MEDLINE-MHDA = {1997/05/01 00:01},
MEDLINE-OWN = {NLM},
MEDLINE-PL = {ENGLAND},
MEDLINE-PMID = {9182959},
MEDLINE-PST = {ppublish},
MEDLINE-PT = {Journal Article},
MEDLINE-SB = {IM},
MEDLINE-SO = {Eur J Neurosci 1997 May;9(5):1072-7.},
MEDLINE-STAT = {completed},
URL = {http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?cmd=prlinks&dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&id=9182959},
YEAR = 1997
}
@ARTICLE{BF97,
AUTHOR = {Buxton, R. B. and Frank, L. R.},
TITLE = {A model for the coupling between cerebral blood flow
and oxygen metabolism during neural stimulation},
JOURNAL = {J Cereb Blood Flow Metab},
VOLUME = {17},
NUMBER = {1},
PAGES = {64-72},
ABSTRACT = {A general mathematical model for the delivery of O2 to
the brain is presented, based on the assumptions that
all of the brain capillaries are perfused at rest and
that all of the oxygen extracted from the capillaries
is metabolized. The model predicts that
disproportionately large changes in blood flow are
required in order to support small changes in the O2
metabolic rate. Interpreted in terms of this model,
previous positron emission tomography (PET) studies of
the human brain during neural stimulation demonstrating
that cerebral blood flow (CBF) increases much more than
the oxygen metabolic rate are consistent with tight
coupling of flow and oxidative metabolism. The model
provides a basis for the quantitative interpretation of
functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies in
terms of changes in local CBF.},
AUTHORADDRESS = {Department of Radiology, University of California at
San Diego 92103-8756, USA.},
KEYWORDS = {Brain/physiology ; *Cerebrovascular Circulation ;
Human ; *Models, Neurological ; *Oxygen Consumption ;
*Regional Blood Flow ; Tomography, Emission-Computed},
LANGUAGE = {eng},
MEDLINE-DA = {19970121},
MEDLINE-DCOM = {19970121},
MEDLINE-EDAT = {1997/01/01},
MEDLINE-FAU = {Buxton, R B ; Frank, L R},
MEDLINE-IS = {0271-678X},
MEDLINE-JID = {8112566},
MEDLINE-LR = {20001218},
MEDLINE-MHDA = {1997/01/01 00:01},
MEDLINE-OWN = {NLM},
MEDLINE-PL = {UNITED STATES},
MEDLINE-PMID = {8978388},
MEDLINE-PST = {ppublish},
MEDLINE-PT = {Journal Article ; Review ; Review, Tutorial},
MEDLINE-RF = {53},
MEDLINE-SB = {IM},
MEDLINE-SO = {J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 1997 Jan;17(1):64-72.},
MEDLINE-STAT = {Completed},
URL = {http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?cmd=prlinks&dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&id=8978388},
YEAR = 1997
}
@ARTICLE{BNK+95,
AUTHOR = {Baumann, S. B. and Noll, D. C. and Kondziolka, D. S.
and Schneider, W. and Nichols, T. E. and Mintun, M. A.
and Lewine, J. D. and Yonas, H. and Orrison, Jr, W. W.
and Sclabassi, R. J.},
TITLE = {Comparison of functional magnetic resonance imaging
with positron emission tomography and
magnetoencephalography to identify the motor cortex in
a patient with an arteriovenous malformation},
JOURNAL = {J Image Guid Surg},
VOLUME = {1},
NUMBER = {4},
PAGES = {191-197},
ABSTRACT = {Alterations in gyral contour made it difficult to
identify the motor cortex thought to be near an
arteriovenous malformation (AVM) in a 24-year-old man
considered for stereotactic radiosurgery. Functional
imaging in three modalities was performed
preoperatively to compare the reliability of
localization using functional magnetic resonance
imaging (fMRI) on a conventional scanner with positron
emission tomography (PET) and magnetoencephalography
(MEG). Similar tasks were used for each imaging
modality in an attempt to activate and identify the
sensory and motor cortex. Data from all three
modalities converged for the sensory task, and fMRI and
PET data converged for the motor task. The right
hemisphere motor strip was localized adjacent and
anterior to the AVM. These data were used in planning
the radiosurgery isodose configuration to the AVM in
order to reduce the irradiation of motor cortex
parenchyma. A postoperative fMRI study was also
performed using newer techniques to reduce head motion
artifact and to improve signal-to-noise ratio. The data
confirmed the conclusions derived from the preoperative
evaluations. This study demonstrates how conventional
MRI scanners can be used for functional studies of use
in surgical planning.},
AUTHORADDRESS = {Department of Neurological Surgery, University of
Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
sbb@neuronet.pitt.edu},
KEYWORDS = {Adult ; Comparative Study ; Human ; Intracranial
Arteriovenous Malformations/*pathology/radionuclide
imaging/surgery ; *Magnetic Resonance Imaging ;
*Magnetoencephalography ; Male ; Motor
Cortex/*pathology/radionuclide imaging ; Radiosurgery ;
Somatosensory Cortex/pathology/radionuclide imaging ;
Stereotaxic Techniques ; *Tomography, Emission-Computed},
LANGUAGE = {eng},
MEDLINE-DA = {19970416},
MEDLINE-DCOM = {19970416},
MEDLINE-EDAT = {1995/01/01},
MEDLINE-FAU = {Baumann, S B ; Noll, D C ; Kondziolka, D S ;
Schneider, W ; Nichols, T E ; Mintun, M A ; Lewine, J D
; Yonas, H ; Orrison, W W Jr ; Sclabassi, R J},
MEDLINE-IS = {1078-7844},
MEDLINE-JID = {9508564},
MEDLINE-LR = {20031114},
MEDLINE-MHDA = {2001/03/28 10:01},
MEDLINE-OWN = {NLM},
MEDLINE-PL = {UNITED STATES},
MEDLINE-PMID = {9079445},
MEDLINE-PST = {ppublish},
MEDLINE-PT = {Case Reports ; Journal Article},
MEDLINE-SB = {IM},
MEDLINE-SO = {J Image Guid Surg 1995;1(4):191-7.},
MEDLINE-STAT = {Completed},
URL = {http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?cmd=prlinks&dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&id=9079445},
YEAR = 1995
}
@ARTICLE{BPJ+02,
AUTHOR = {Bonmassar, G. and Purdon, P. L. and Jaaskelainen, I.
P. and Chiappa, K. and Solo, V. and Brown, E. N. and
Belliveau, J. W.},
TITLE = {Motion and ballistocardiogram artifact removal for
interleaved recording of {EEG} and {EP}s during {MRI}},
JOURNAL = {NeuroImage},
VOLUME = {16},
NUMBER = {4},
PAGES = {1127-1141},
ABSTRACT = {Artifacts generated by motion (e.g., ballistocardiac)
of the head inside a high magnetic field corrupt
recordings of EEG and EPs. This paper introduces a
method for motion artifact cancellation. This method is
based on adaptive filtering and takes advantage of
piezoelectric motion sensor information to estimate the
motion artifact noise. This filter estimates the
mapping between motion sensor and EEG space,
subtracting the motion-related noise from the raw EEG
signal. Due to possible subject motion and changes in
electrode impedance, a time-varying mapping of the
motion versus EEG is required. We show that this filter
is capable of removing both ballistocardiogram and
gross motion artifacts, restoring EEG alpha waves (8-13
Hz), and visual evoked potentials (VEPs). This adaptive
filter outperforms the simple band-pass filter for
alpha detection because it is also capable of reducing
noise within the frequency band of interest. In
addition, this filter also removes the transient
responses normally visible in the EEG window after echo
planar image acquisition, observed during interleaved
EEG/fMRI recordings. Our adaptive filter approach can
be implemented in real-time to allow for continuous
monitoring of EEG and fMRI during clinical and
cognitive studies.},
AUTHORADDRESS = {NMR Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard
Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA.
giorgio@nmr.mgh.harvard.edu},
KEYWORDS = {Adult ; Alpha Rhythm ; *Artifacts ;
Ballistocardiography ; Brain/*physiology ;
*Electroencephalography ; *Evoked Potentials, Visual ;
Female ; Human ; *Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ;
Motion ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Support, U.S. Gov't,
P.H.S.},
LANGUAGE = {eng},
MEDLINE-AID = {S1053811902911250 [pii]},
MEDLINE-DA = {20020830},
MEDLINE-DCOM = {20021009},
MEDLINE-EDAT = {2002/08/31 10:00},
MEDLINE-FAU = {Bonmassar, Giorgio ; Purdon, Patrick L ; Jaaskelainen,
Iiro P ; Chiappa, Keith ; Solo, Victor ; Brown, Emery N
; Belliveau, John W},
MEDLINE-GR = {NIH R01 NS37462/NS/NINDS ; P41 RR14075/RR/NCRR},
MEDLINE-IS = {1053-8119},
MEDLINE-JID = {9215515},
MEDLINE-LR = {20021120},
MEDLINE-MHDA = {2002/10/10 04:00},
MEDLINE-OT = {Non-programmatic},
MEDLINE-OTO = {NASA},
MEDLINE-OWN = {NLM},
MEDLINE-PL = {United States},
MEDLINE-PMID = {12202099},
MEDLINE-PST = {ppublish},
MEDLINE-PT = {Journal Article},
MEDLINE-SB = {IM ; S},
MEDLINE-SO = {NeuroImage 2002 Aug;16(4):1127-41.},
MEDLINE-STAT = {completed},
URL = {http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?cmd=prlinks&dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&id=12202099},
YEAR = 2002
}
@ARTICLE{BRM+01,
AUTHOR = {Baillet, S. and Riera, J.J. and Marin, G. and Mangin,
J.F. and Aubert, J. and Garnero, L.},
TITLE = {Evaluation of inverse methods and head models for
{EEG} source localization using a human skull phantom.},
JOURNAL = {Phys Med Biol},
VOLUME = {46},
NUMBER = {1},
PAGES = {77-96},
ABSTRACT = {We used a real-skull phantom head to investigate the
performances of representative methods for EEG source
localization when considering various head models. We
describe several experiments using a montage with
current sources located at multiple positions and
orientations inside a human skull filled with a
conductive medium. The robustness of selected methods
based on distributed source models is evaluated as
various solutions to the forward problem (from the
sphere to the finite element method) are considered.
Experimental results indicate that inverse methods
using appropriate cortex-based source models are almost
always able to locate the active source with excellent
precision, with little or no spurious activity in close
or distant regions, even when two sources are
simultaneously active. Superior regularization schemes
for solving the inverse problem can dramatically help
the estimation of sparse and focal active zones,
despite significant approximation of the head geometry
and the conductivity properties of the head tissues.
Realistic head models are necessary, though, to fit the
data with a reasonable level of residual variance.},
AUTHORADDRESS = {Cognitive Neuroscience and Brain Imaging Laboratory,
CNRS UPR640-LENA, H pital de la Salpetriere, Paris,
France. sylvain.baillet@chups.jussieu.fr},
KEYWORDS = {Electroencephalography/*methods ; Head/*radiation
effects ; Human ; Models, Theoretical ; Phantoms,
Imaging ; Reproducibility of Results ; Skull/*radiation
effects ; Time Factors},
LANGUAGE = {eng},
MEDLINE-DA = {20010124},
MEDLINE-DCOM = {20010329},
MEDLINE-EDAT = {2001/02/24 12:00},
MEDLINE-FAU = {Baillet, S ; Riera, J J ; Marin, G ; Mangin, J F ;
Aubert, J ; Garnero, L},
MEDLINE-IS = {0031-9155},
MEDLINE-JID = {0401220},
MEDLINE-LR = {20030416},
MEDLINE-MHDA = {2001/04/03 10:01},
MEDLINE-OWN = {NLM},
MEDLINE-PL = {England},
MEDLINE-PMID = {11197680},
MEDLINE-PST = {ppublish},
MEDLINE-PT = {Journal Article},
MEDLINE-SB = {IM},
MEDLINE-SO = {Phys Med Biol 2001 Jan;46(1):77-96.},
MEDLINE-STAT = {Completed},
URL = {http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?cmd=prlinks&dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&id=11197680},
YEAR = 2001
}
@ARTICLE{BSL+01,
AUTHOR = {Bonmassar, G. and Schwartz, D. P. and Liu, A. K. and
Kwong, K. K. and Dale, A. M. and Belliveau, J. W.},
TITLE = {Spatiotemporal brain imaging of visual-evoked activity
using interleaved {EEG} and f{MRI} recordings},
JOURNAL = {NeuroImage},
VOLUME = {13},
NUMBER = {6.1},
PAGES = {1035-1043},
ABSTRACT = {Combined analysis of electroencephalography (EEG) and
functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has the
potential to provide higher spatiotemporal resolution
than either method alone. In some situations, in which
the activity of interest cannot be reliably reproduced
(e.g., epilepsy, learning, sleep states), accurate
combined analysis requires simultaneous acquisition of
EEG and fMRI. Simultaneous measurements ensure that the
EEG and fMRI recordings reflect the exact same brain
activity state. We took advantage of the spatial
filtering properties of the bipolar montage to allow
recording of very short (125--250 ms) visual-evoked
potentials (VEPs) during fMRI. These EEG and fMRI
measurements are of sufficient quality to allow source
localization of the cortical generators. In addition,
our source localization approach provides a combined
EEG/fMRI analysis that does not require any manual
selection of fMRI activations or placement of source
dipoles. The source of the VEP was found to be located
in the occipital cortex. Separate analysis of EEG and
fMRI data demonstrated good spatial overlap of the
observed activated sites. As expected, the combined
EEG/fMRI analysis provided better spatiotemporal
resolution than either approach alone. The resulting
spatiotemporal movie allows for the
millisecond-to-millisecond display of changes in
cortical activity caused by visual stimulation. These
data reveal two peaks in activity corresponding to the
N75 and the P100 components. This type of simultaneous
acquisition and analysis allows for the accurate
characterization of the location and timing of
neurophysiological activity in the human brain.},
AUTHORADDRESS = {NMR Center, Massachusetts General Hospital,
Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA.
giorgio@nmr.mgh.harvard.edu},
KEYWORDS = {Adult ; *Brain Mapping ; Computer Graphics ; Data
Display ; Dominance, Cerebral/physiology ;
*Electroencephalography ; Evoked Potentials,
Visual/*physiology ; Female ; Human ; *Image
Enhancement ; *Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ;
Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; *Magnetic Resonance
Imaging ; Male ; Occipital Lobe/*physiology ; Photic
Stimulation ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Support, U.S.
Gov't, P.H.S.},
LANGUAGE = {eng},
MEDLINE-AID = {10.1006/nimg.2001.0754 [doi] ; S1053811901907542 [pii]},
MEDLINE-CI = {Copyright 2001 Academic Press.},
MEDLINE-DA = {20010515},
MEDLINE-DCOM = {20010726},
MEDLINE-EDAT = {2001/05/16 10:00},
MEDLINE-FAU = {Bonmassar, G ; Schwartz, D P ; Liu, A K ; Kwong, K K ;
Dale, A M ; Belliveau, J W},
MEDLINE-GR = {P41 RR14075/RR/NCRR ; RO1 NS37462/NS/NINDS},
MEDLINE-IS = {1053-8119},
MEDLINE-JID = {9215515},
MEDLINE-LR = {20011119},
MEDLINE-MHDA = {2001/07/28 10:01},
MEDLINE-OWN = {NLM},
MEDLINE-PL = {United States},
MEDLINE-PMID = {11352609},
MEDLINE-PST = {ppublish},
MEDLINE-PT = {Journal Article},
MEDLINE-SB = {IM},
MEDLINE-SO = {NeuroImage 2001 Jun;13(6 Pt 1):1035-43.},
MEDLINE-STAT = {completed},
YEAR = 2001
}
@ARTICLE{CGS+01,
AUTHOR = {Cohen, M. S. and Goldman, R. I. and Stern, J. and
Engel, Jr., J.},
TITLE = {Simultaneous {EEG} and f{MRI} made easy},
JOURNAL = {NeuroImage},
VOLUME = {13},
NUMBER = {6 Supp.1},
MONTH = JAN,
URL = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1053-8119(01)91349-7},
YEAR = 2001
}
@ARTICLE{CPM+03,
AUTHOR = {Ciuciu, P. and Poline, J. B. and Marrelec, G. and
Idier, J. and Pallier, C. and Benali, H.},
TITLE = {Unsupervised robust nonparametric estimation of the
hemodynamic response function for any f{MRI} experiment},
JOURNAL = {IEEE Trans Med Imaging},
VOLUME = {22},
NUMBER = {10},
PAGES = {1235-1251},
ABSTRACT = {This paper deals with the estimation of the blood
oxygen level-dependent response to a stimulus, as
measured in functional magnetic resonance imaging
(fMRI) data. A precise estimation is essential for a
better understanding of cerebral activations. The most
recent works have used a nonparametric framework for
this estimation, considering each brain region as a
system characterized by its impulse response, the
so-called hemodynamic response function (HRF). However,
the use of these techniques has remained limited since
they are not well-adapted to real fMRI data. Here, we
develop a threefold extension to previous works. We
consider asynchronous event-related paradigms, account
for different trial types and integrate several fMRI
sessions into the estimation. These generalizations are
simultaneously addressed through a badly conditioned
observation model. Bayesian formalism is used to model
temporal prior information of the underlying
physiological process of the brain hemodynamic
response. By this way, the HRF estimate results from a
tradeoff between information brought by the data and by
our prior knowledge. This tradeoff is modeled with
hyperparameters that are set to the maximum-likelihood
estimate using an expectation conditional maximization
algorithm. The proposed unsupervised approach is
validated on both synthetic and real fMRI data, the
latter originating from a speech perception experiment.},
AUTHORADDRESS = {SHFJ/CEA/INSERM U562, 91401 Orsay, France.
ciuciu@shfj.cea.fr},
KEYWORDS = {*Algorithms ; Brain/*blood supply/*physiology ; Brain
Mapping/*methods ; Cerebrovascular
Circulation/physiology ; Comparative Study ; Computer
Simulation ; Hemodynamic Processes/physiology ; Human ;
Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted/*methods ;
Imaging, Three-Dimensional/*methods ; Likelihood
Functions ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/*methods ;
*Models, Cardiovascular ; Models, Statistical ;
Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and
Specificity ; Speech Perception/physiology ; Support,
Non-U.S. Gov't},
LANGUAGE = {eng},
MEDLINE-DA = {20031013},
MEDLINE-DCOM = {20040311},
MEDLINE-EDAT = {2003/10/14 05:00},
MEDLINE-FAU = {Ciuciu, Philippe ; Poline, Jean-Baptiste ; Marrelec,
Guillaume ; Idier, Jerome ; Pallier, Christophe ;
Benali, Habib},
MEDLINE-IS = {0278-0062},
MEDLINE-JID = {8310780},
MEDLINE-MHDA = {2004/03/12 05:00},
MEDLINE-OWN = {NLM},
MEDLINE-PL = {United States},
MEDLINE-PMID = {14552578},
MEDLINE-PST = {ppublish},
MEDLINE-PT = {Evaluation Studies ; Journal Article ; Validation
Studies},
MEDLINE-SB = {IM},
MEDLINE-SO = {IEEE Trans Med Imaging 2003 Oct;22(10):1235-51.},
MEDLINE-STAT = {completed},
URL = {http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?cmd=prlinks&dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&id=14552578},
YEAR = 2003
}
@ARTICLE{Coh97,
AUTHOR = {Cohen, M. S.},
TITLE = {Parametric analysis of f{MRI} data using linear
systems methods},
JOURNAL = {NeuroImage},
VOLUME = {6},
NUMBER = {2},
PAGES = {93-103},
ABSTRACT = {Using a model of the functional MRI (fMRI) impulse
response based on published data, we have demonstrated
that the form of the fMRI response to stimuli of freely
varied timing can be modeled well by convolution of the
impulse response with the behavioral stimulus. The
amplitudes of the responses as a function of
parametrically varied behavioral conditions are fitted
well using a piecewise linear approximation. Use of the
combined model, in conjunction with correlation
analysis, results in an increase in sensitivity for the
MRI study. This approach, based on the well-established
methods of linear systems analysis, also allows a
quantitative comparison of the response amplitudes
across subjects to a broad range of behavioral
conditions. Fit parameters, derived from the amplitude
data, are relatively insensitive to a variety of
MRI-related artifacts and yield results that are
compared readily across subjects.},
AUTHORADDRESS = {UCLA Division of Brain Mapping, RNRC 3256, 710
Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.},
KEYWORDS = {Adult ; Brain/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Brain
Mapping ; Cerebrovascular Circulation/physiology ;
Human ; Linear Models ; Magnetic Resonance
Imaging/*statistics & numerical data ; Photic
Stimulation ; Psychomotor Performance/physiology},
LANGUAGE = {eng},
MEDLINE-AID = {S1053811997902780 [pii]},
MEDLINE-CI = {Copyright 1997 Academic Press.},
MEDLINE-DA = {19971119},
MEDLINE-DCOM = {19971119},
MEDLINE-EDAT = {1997/09/23},
MEDLINE-FAU = {Cohen, M S},
MEDLINE-IS = {1053-8119},
MEDLINE-JID = {9215515},
MEDLINE-LR = {20001218},
MEDLINE-MHDA = {1997/09/23 00:01},
MEDLINE-OWN = {NLM},
MEDLINE-PL = {UNITED STATES},
MEDLINE-PMID = {9299383},
MEDLINE-PST = {ppublish},
MEDLINE-PT = {Clinical Trial ; Journal Article},
MEDLINE-SB = {IM},
MEDLINE-SO = {NeuroImage 1997 Aug;6(2):93-103.},
MEDLINE-STAT = {completed},
URL = {http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?cmd=prlinks&dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&id=9299383},
YEAR = 1997
}
@ARTICLE{DDA+03,
AUTHOR = {Devor, A. and Dunn, A. K. and Andermann, M. L. and
Ulbert, I. and Boas, D. A. and Dale, A. M.},
TITLE = {Coupling of total hemoglobin concentration,
oxygenation, and neural activity in rat somatosensory
cortex},
JOURNAL = {Neuron},
VOLUME = {39},
NUMBER = {2},
PAGES = {353-359},
ABSTRACT = {Recent advances in brain imaging techniques, including
functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), offer
great promise for noninvasive mapping of brain
function. However, the indirect nature of the imaging
signals to the underlying neural activity limits the
interpretation of the resulting maps. The present
report represents the first systematic study with
sufficient statistical power to quantitatively
characterize the relationship between changes in blood
oxygen content and the neural spiking and synaptic
activity. Using two-dimensional optical measurements of
hemodynamic signals, simultaneous recordings of neural
activity, and an event-related stimulus paradigm, we
demonstrate that (1) there is a strongly nonlinear
relationship between electrophysiological measures of
neuronal activity and the hemodynamic response, (2) the
hemodynamic response continues to grow beyond the
saturation of electrical activity, and (3) the initial
increase in deoxyhemoglobin that precedes an increase
in blood volume is counterbalanced by an equal initial
decrease in oxyhemoglobin.},
AUTHORADDRESS = {Massachusetts General Hospital NMR Center, Harvard
Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
adevor@nmr.mgh.harvard.edu},
KEYWORDS = {Animals ; Brain Mapping ; Comparative Study ; Computer
Simulation ; Demography ; Electric Stimulation ;
Electrophysiology/methods ; Evoked Potentials,
Somatosensory/physiology ; Hemodynamic
Processes/physiology ; Hemoglobins/*metabolism ;
Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ;
Neurons/*physiology ; Nonlinear Dynamics ;
Oxygen/*metabolism ; Rats ; Somatosensory Cortex/blood
supply/cytology/*metabolism ; Spectrum Analysis/methods
; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
; Time Factors},
LANGUAGE = {eng},
MEDLINE-AID = {S0896627303004033 [pii]},
MEDLINE-DA = {20030722},
MEDLINE-DCOM = {20030818},
MEDLINE-EDAT = {2003/07/23 05:00},
MEDLINE-FAU = {Devor, Anna ; Dunn, Andrew K ; Andermann, Mark L ;
Ulbert, Istvan ; Boas, David A ; Dale, Anders M},
MEDLINE-GR = {P41 RR14075/RR/NCRR ; R01 EB00790-01A2/EB/NIBIB ; R01
NS044623/NS/NINDS ; R01 RR13609/RR/NCRR},
MEDLINE-IS = {0896-6273},
MEDLINE-JID = {8809320},
MEDLINE-LR = {20031114},
MEDLINE-MHDA = {2003/08/19 05:00},
MEDLINE-OWN = {NLM},
MEDLINE-PL = {United States},
MEDLINE-PMID = {12873390},
MEDLINE-PST = {ppublish},
MEDLINE-PT = {Journal Article},
MEDLINE-RN = {0 (Hemoglobins) ; 7782-44-7 (Oxygen) ; 9008-02-0
(deoxyhemoglobin)},
MEDLINE-SB = {IM},
MEDLINE-SO = {Neuron 2003 Jul 17;39(2):353-9.},
MEDLINE-STAT = {completed},
YEAR = 2003
}
@ARTICLE{DF03,
AUTHOR = {Dechent, P. and Frahm, J.},
TITLE = {Functional somatotopy of finger representations in
human primary motor cortex},
JOURNAL = {Hum Brain Mapp},
VOLUME = {18},
NUMBER = {4},
PAGES = {272-283},
ABSTRACT = {To assess the degree of fine-scale somatotopy within
the hand area of the human primary motor cortex (M1),
functional mapping of individual movements of all
fingers was performed in healthy young subjects (n = 7)
using MRI at 0.8 x 0.8 mm2 resolution and 4 mm section
thickness. The experimental design comprised both a
direct paradigm contrasting single digit movements vs.
motor rest and multiple differential paradigms
contrasting single digit movements vs. the movement of
another digit. Direct mapping resulted in largely
overlapping activations. A somatotopic arrangement was
only recognizable when considering the mean
center-of-mass coordinates of individual digit
representations averaged across subjects. In contrast,
differential paradigms revealed more segregated and
somatotopically ordered activations in single subjects.
The use of center-of-mass coordinates yielded
inter-digit distances ranging from 2.0 to 16.8 mm,
which reached statistical significance for pairs of
more distant digits. For the middle fingers, the
functional somatotopy obtained by differential mapping
was dependent on the choice of the digit used for
control. These results confirm previous concepts that
finger somatotopy in the human M1 hand area emerges as
a functional predominance of individual digit
representations sharing common areas in a distributed
though ordered network.},
AUTHORADDRESS = {Biomedizinische NMR Forschungs GmbH am
Max-Planck-Institut fur biophysikalische Chemie,
Gottingen, Germany. pdechen@gwdg.de},
KEYWORDS = {Adult ; Analysis of Variance ; Brain Mapping/*methods
; Female ; Fingers/*physiology ; Human ; Least-Squares
Analysis ; Male ; Motor Cortex/*physiology},
LANGUAGE = {eng},
MEDLINE-AID = {10.1002/hbm.10084 [doi]},
MEDLINE-CI = {Copyright 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc.},
MEDLINE-DA = {20030312},
MEDLINE-DCOM = {20030530},
MEDLINE-EDAT = {2003/03/13 04:00},
MEDLINE-FAU = {Dechent, Peter ; Frahm, Jens},
MEDLINE-IS = {1065-9471},
MEDLINE-JID = {9419065},
MEDLINE-MHDA = {2003/05/31 05:00},
MEDLINE-OWN = {NLM},
MEDLINE-PL = {United States},
MEDLINE-PMID = {12632465},
MEDLINE-PST = {ppublish},
MEDLINE-PT = {Journal Article},
MEDLINE-SB = {IM},
MEDLINE-SO = {Hum Brain Mapp 2003 Apr;18(4):272-83.},
MEDLINE-STAT = {Completed},
URL = {http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?cmd=prlinks&dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&id=12632465},
YEAR = 2003
}
@ARTICLE{DFS99,
AUTHOR = {Dale, A. M. and Fischl, B. and Sereno, M. I.},
TITLE = {Cortical surface-based analysis. {I}. {S}egmentation
and surface reconstruction},
JOURNAL = {NeuroImage},
VOLUME = {9},
NUMBER = {2},
PAGES = {179-194},
ABSTRACT = {Several properties of the cerebral cortex, including
its columnar and laminar organization, as well as the
topographic organization of cortical areas, can only be
properly understood in the context of the intrinsic
two-dimensional structure of the cortical surface. In
order to study such cortical properties in humans, it
is necessary to obtain an accurate and explicit
representation of the cortical surface in individual
subjects. Here we describe a set of automated
procedures for obtaining accurate reconstructions of
the cortical surface, which have been applied to data
from more than 100 subjects, requiring little or no
manual intervention. Automated routines for unfolding
and flattening the cortical surface are described in a
companion paper. These procedures allow for the routine
use of cortical surface-based analysis and
visualization methods in functional brain imaging.},
AUTHORADDRESS = {Massachusetts General Hosp/Harvard Medical School,
Building 149, Charlestown, Massachusetts, 02129, USA.
dale@nmr.mgh.harvard.edu},
KEYWORDS = {Brain Mapping/instrumentation ; Cerebral
Cortex/*anatomy & histology ; Human ; Image
Processing, Computer-Assisted/*instrumentation ;
Magnetic Resonance Imaging/*instrumentation ; Reference
Values ; Software},
LANGUAGE = {eng},
MEDLINE-AID = {S1053811998903950 [pii]},
MEDLINE-CI = {Copyright 1999 Academic Press.},
MEDLINE-DA = {19990318},
MEDLINE-DCOM = {19990318},
MEDLINE-EDAT = {1999/02/05},
MEDLINE-FAU = {Dale, A M ; Fischl, B ; Sereno, M I},
MEDLINE-IS = {1053-8119},
MEDLINE-JID = {9215515},
MEDLINE-LR = {20001218},
MEDLINE-MHDA = {1999/02/05 00:01},
MEDLINE-OWN = {NLM},
MEDLINE-PL = {UNITED STATES},
MEDLINE-PMID = {9931268},
MEDLINE-PST = {ppublish},
MEDLINE-PT = {Journal Article},
MEDLINE-SB = {IM},
MEDLINE-SO = {NeuroImage 1999 Feb;9(2):179-94.},
MEDLINE-STAT = {completed},
URL = {http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?cmd=prlinks&dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&id=9931268},
YEAR = 1999
}
@ARTICLE{DH01,
AUTHOR = {Dale, A. M. and Halgren, E.},
TITLE = {Spatiotemporal mapping of brain activity by
integration of multiple imaging modalities},
JOURNAL = {Curr Opin Neurobiol},
VOLUME = {11},
NUMBER = {2},
PAGES = {202-208},
ABSTRACT = {Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and
positron emission tomography measure local changes in
brain hemodynamics induced by cognitive or perceptual
tasks. These measures have a uniformly high spatial
resolution of millimeters or less, but poor temporal
resolution (about 1s). Conversely,
electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography
(MEG) measure instantaneously the current flows induced
by synaptic activity, but the accurate localization of
these current flows based on EEG and MEG data alone
remains an unsolved problem. Recently, techniques have
been developed that, in the context of brain anatomy
visualized with structural MRI, use both hemodynamic
and electromagnetic measures to arrive at estimates of
brain activation with high spatial and temporal
resolution. These methods range from simple
juxtaposition to simultaneous integrated techniques.
Their application has already led to advances in our
understanding of the neural bases of perception,
attention, memory and language. Further advances in
multi-modality integration will require an improved
understanding of the coupling between the physiological
phenomena underlying the different signal modalities.},
AUTHORADDRESS = {Massachusetts General Hospital Nuclear Magnetic
Resonance Center, 149 13th Street, Charlestown, MA
02129, USA.},
KEYWORDS = {Animals ; Brain Mapping/*methods ;
Electroencephalography/methods ; Human ; Magnetic
Resonance Imaging/methods ;
Magnetoencephalography/methods ; Perception/physiology
; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared/methods ; Support,
Non-U.S. Gov't ; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. ; *Systems
Integration ; Tomography, Emission-Computed/methods},
LANGUAGE = {eng},
MEDLINE-AID = {S0959438800001975 [pii]},
MEDLINE-DA = {20010413},
MEDLINE-DCOM = {20010628},
MEDLINE-EDAT = {2001/04/13 10:00},
MEDLINE-FAU = {Dale, A M ; Halgren, E},
MEDLINE-GR = {P41-RR14075/RR/NCRR ; R01-NS18741/NS/NINDS ;
R01-NS39581/NS/NINDS ; R01-RR13609/RR/NCRR},
MEDLINE-IS = {0959-4388},
MEDLINE-JID = {9111376},
MEDLINE-LR = {20031114},
MEDLINE-MHDA = {2001/06/29 10:01},
MEDLINE-OWN = {NLM},
MEDLINE-PL = {England},
MEDLINE-PMID = {11301240},
MEDLINE-PST = {ppublish},
MEDLINE-PT = {Journal Article ; Review ; Review Literature},
MEDLINE-RF = {81},
MEDLINE-SB = {IM},
MEDLINE-SO = {Curr Opin Neurobiol 2001 Apr;11(2):202-8.},
MEDLINE-STAT = {completed},
YEAR = 2001
}
@ARTICLE{DM04,
AUTHOR = {Delorme, A. and Makeig, S.},
TITLE = {E{EGLAB}: an open source toolbox for analysis of
single-trial {EEG} dynamics including independent
component analysis},
JOURNAL = {J Neurosci Methods},
VOLUME = {134},
NUMBER = {1},
PAGES = {9-21},
ABSTRACT = {We have developed a toolbox and graphic user
interface, EEGLAB, running under the crossplatform
MATLAB environment (The Mathworks, Inc.) for processing
collections of single-trial and/or averaged EEG data of
any number of channels. Available functions include EEG
data, channel and event information importing, data
visualization (scrolling, scalp map and dipole model
plotting, plus multi-trial ERP-image plots),
preprocessing (including artifact rejection, filtering,
epoch selection, and averaging), independent component
analysis (ICA) and time/frequency decompositions
including channel and component cross-coherence
supported by bootstrap statistical methods based on
data resampling. EEGLAB functions are organized into
three layers. Top-layer functions allow users to
interact with the data through the graphic interface
without needing to use MATLAB syntax. Menu options
allow users to tune the behavior of EEGLAB to available
memory. Middle-layer functions allow users to customize
data processing using command history and interactive
'pop' functions. Experienced MATLAB users can use
EEGLAB data structures and stand-alone signal
processing functions to write custom and/or batch
analysis scripts. Extensive function help and tutorial
information are included. A 'plug-in' facility allows
easy incorporation of new EEG modules into the main
menu. EEGLAB is freely available
(http://www.sccn.ucsd.edu/eeglab/) under the GNU public
license for noncommercial use and open source
development, together with sample data, user tutorial
and extensive documentation.},
AUTHORADDRESS = {Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience,
Institute for Neural Computation, University of
California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0961, USA.
arno@sccn.ucsd.edu},
KEYWORDS = {*Computer Simulation/trends ;
Electroencephalography/*methods ; Evoked
Potentials/*physiology ; *Software/trends ; Support,
Non-U.S. Gov't ; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.},
LANGUAGE = {eng},
MEDLINE-AID = {10.1016/j.jneumeth.2003.10.009 [doi] ;
S0165027003003479 [pii]},
MEDLINE-DA = {20040422},
MEDLINE-DCOM = {20040525},
MEDLINE-EDAT = {2004/04/23 05:00},
MEDLINE-FAU = {Delorme, Arnaud ; Makeig, Scott},
MEDLINE-IS = {0165-0270},
MEDLINE-JID = {7905558},
MEDLINE-MHDA = {2004/05/27 05:00},
MEDLINE-OWN = {NLM},
MEDLINE-PHST = {2003/Jun/17 [received] ; 2003/Sep/22 [revised] ;
2003/Oct/16 [accepted]},
MEDLINE-PL = {Netherlands},
MEDLINE-PMID = {15102499},
MEDLINE-PST = {ppublish},
MEDLINE-PT = {Journal Article},
MEDLINE-SB = {IM},
MEDLINE-SO = {J Neurosci Methods 2004 Mar 15;134(1):9-21.},
MEDLINE-STAT = {completed},
URL = {http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?cmd=prlinks&dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&id=15102499},
YEAR = 2004
}
@ARTICLE{FBW98,
AUTHOR = {Frank, L. R. and Buxton, R. B. and Wong, E. C.},
TITLE = {Probabilistic analysis of functional magnetic
resonance imaging data.},
JOURNAL = {Magn Reson Med},
VOLUME = {39},
NUMBER = {1},
PAGES = {132-148},
ABSTRACT = {Probability theory is applied to the analysis of fMRI
data. The posterior distribution of the parameters is
shown to incorporate all the information available from
the data, the hypotheses, and the prior information.
Under appropriate simplifying conditions, the theory
reduces to the standard statistical test, including the
general linear model. The theory is particularly suited
to handle the spatial variations in the noise present
in fMRI, allowing the comparison of activated voxels
that have different, and unknown, noise. The theory
also explicitly includes prior information, which is
shown to be critical in the attainment of reliable
activation maps.},
AUTHORADDRESS = {Department of Radiology, University of California at
San Diego, USA.},
KEYWORDS = {Human ; Image Enhancement ; Likelihood Functions ;
Magnetic Resonance Imaging/*methods ; Models,
Statistical ; *Probability Theory ; Sensitivity and
Specificity ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ;
Statistics},
LANGUAGE = {eng},
MEDLINE-CIN = {Magn Reson Med. 1999 Jun;41(6):1279-80. PMID: 10371464},
MEDLINE-DA = {19980303},
MEDLINE-DCOM = {19980303},
MEDLINE-EDAT = {1998/01/23},
MEDLINE-FAU = {Frank, L R ; Buxton, R B ; Wong, E C},
MEDLINE-IS = {0740-3194},
MEDLINE-JID = {8505245},
MEDLINE-LR = {20011126},
MEDLINE-MHDA = {1998/01/23 00:01},
MEDLINE-OWN = {NLM},
MEDLINE-PL = {UNITED STATES},
MEDLINE-PMID = {9438447},
MEDLINE-PST = {ppublish},
MEDLINE-PT = {Journal Article ; Review ; Review, Tutorial},
MEDLINE-RF = {35},
MEDLINE-SB = {IM},
MEDLINE-SO = {Magn Reson Med 1998 Jan;39(1):132-48.},
MEDLINE-STAT = {Completed},
URL = {http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?cmd=prlinks&dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&id=9438447},
YEAR = 1998
}
@ARTICLE{FFJ+98,
AUTHOR = {Friston, K. J. and Fletcher, P. and Josephs, O. and
Holmes, A. and Rugg, M. D. and Turner, R.},
TITLE = {Event-related f{MRI}: characterizing differential
responses.},
JOURNAL = {NeuroImage},
VOLUME = {7},
NUMBER = {1},
PAGES = {30-40},
ABSTRACT = {We present an approach to characterizing the
differences among event-related hemodynamic responses
in functional magnetic resonance imaging that are
evoked by different sorts of stimuli. This approach is
predicated on a linear convolution model and standard
inferential statistics as employed by statistical
parametric mapping. In particular we model evoked
responses, and their differences, in terms of basis
functions of the peri-stimulus time. This facilitates a
characterization of the temporal response profiles that
has a high effective temporal resolution relative to
the repetition time. To demonstrate the technique we
examined differential responses to visually presented
words that had been seen prior to scanning or that were
novel. The form of these differences involved both the
magnitude and the latency of the response components.
In this paper we focus on bilateral ventrolateral
prefrontal responses that show deactivations for
previously seen words and activations for novel words.},
AUTHORADDRESS = {The Wellcome Department of Cognitive Neurology,
Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.},
KEYWORDS = {Evoked Potentials/*physiology ; Frontal
Lobe/*physiology ; Hemodynamic Processes/*physiology ;
Human ; Linear Models ; *Magnetic Resonance Imaging ;
Memory/*physiology ; Models, Theoretical ; Reaction
Time ; Reference Values ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't},
LANGUAGE = {eng},
MEDLINE-AID = {S1053811997903062 [pii]},
MEDLINE-DA = {19980317},
MEDLINE-DCOM = {19980317},
MEDLINE-EDAT = {1998/03/17},
MEDLINE-FAU = {Friston, K J ; Fletcher, P ; Josephs, O ; Holmes, A ;
Rugg, M D ; Turner, R},
MEDLINE-IS = {1053-8119},
MEDLINE-JID = {9215515},
MEDLINE-LR = {20031114},
MEDLINE-MHDA = {1998/03/17 00:01},
MEDLINE-OWN = {NLM},
MEDLINE-PL = {UNITED STATES},
MEDLINE-PMID = {9500830},
MEDLINE-PST = {ppublish},
MEDLINE-PT = {Journal Article},
MEDLINE-SB = {IM},
MEDLINE-SO = {NeuroImage 1998 Jan;7(1):30-40.},
MEDLINE-STAT = {Completed},
URL = {http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?cmd=prlinks&dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&id=9500830},
YEAR = 1998
}
@ARTICLE{FG03,
AUTHOR = {Formisano, E. and Goebel, R.},
TITLE = {Tracking cognitive processes with functional {MRI}
mental chronometry},
JOURNAL = {Curr Opin Neurobiol},
VOLUME = {13},
NUMBER = {2},
PAGES = {174-181},
ABSTRACT = {Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is used
widely to determine the spatial layout of brain
activation associated with specific cognitive tasks at
a spatial scale of millimeters. Recent methodological
improvements have made it possible to determine the
latency and temporal structure of the activation at a
temporal scale of few hundreds of milliseconds. Despite
the sluggishness of the hemodynamic response, fMRI can
detect a cascade of neural activations - the signature
of a sequence of cognitive processes. Decomposing the
processing into stages is greatly aided by measuring
intermediate responses. By combining event-related fMRI
and behavioral measurement in experiment and analysis,
trial-by-trial temporal links can be established
between cognition and its neural substrate.},
AUTHORADDRESS = {Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of
Psychology, Maastricht University, Postbus 616, 6200
MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
e.formisano@psychology.unimass.nl},
KEYWORDS = {Brain/*physiology ; *Brain Mapping ;
Cognition/*physiology ; Human ; *Magnetic Resonance
Imaging/methods},
LANGUAGE = {eng},
MEDLINE-AID = {S0959438803000448 [pii]},
MEDLINE-DA = {20030514},
MEDLINE-DCOM = {20030708},
MEDLINE-EDAT = {2003/05/15 05:00},
MEDLINE-FAU = {Formisano, Elia ; Goebel, Rainer},
MEDLINE-IS = {0959-4388},
MEDLINE-JID = {9111376},
MEDLINE-MHDA = {2003/07/09 05:00},
MEDLINE-OWN = {NLM},
MEDLINE-PL = {England},
MEDLINE-PMID = {12744970},
MEDLINE-PST = {ppublish},
MEDLINE-PT = {Journal Article ; Review ; Review, Tutorial},
MEDLINE-RF = {58},
MEDLINE-SB = {IM},
MEDLINE-SO = {Curr Opin Neurobiol 2003 Apr;13(2):174-81.},
MEDLINE-STAT = {completed},
URL = {http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?cmd=prlinks&dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&id=12744970},
YEAR = 2003
}
@ARTICLE{FMJ03,
AUTHOR = {Foxe, J. J. and McCourt, M. E. and Javitt, D. C.},
TITLE = {Right hemisphere control of visuospatial attention:
line-bisection judgments evaluated with high-density
electrical mapping and source analysis},
JOURNAL = {NeuroImage},
VOLUME = {19},
NUMBER = {3},
PAGES = {710-726},
ABSTRACT = {The "line-bisection" task has proven an especially
useful clinical tool for assessment of spatial neglect
syndrome in neurological patients. Here, we
investigated the neural processes involved in
performing this task by recording high-density
event-related potentials from 128 scalp electrodes in
normal observers. We characterized a robust net
negative potential from 170-400 ms poststimulus
presentation that correlates with line-bisection
judgments. Topographic mapping shows three distinct
phases to this negativity. The first phase
(approximately 170-190 ms) has a scalp distribution
exclusively over the right parieto-occipital and
lateral occipital scalp, consistent with generators in
the region of the right temporo-parietal junction and
right lateral occipital cortices. The second phase
(approximately 190-240 ms) sees the emergence of a
second negative focus over the right central parietal
scalp, consistent with subsequent involvement of right
superior parietal cortices. In the third phase
(approximately 240-400 ms), the topography becomes
dominated by this right central parietal negativity.
Inverse source modeling confirmed that right hemisphere
lateral occipital, inferior parietal, and superior
parietal regions were the likeliest generators of the
bulk of the activity associated with this effect. The
line stimuli were also presented at three contrast
levels (3, 25, and 100\%) in order to manipulate both
the latency of stimulus processing and the relative
contributions from magnocellular and parvocellular
inputs. Through this manipulation, we show that the
line-bisection effect systematically tracks/follows the
latency of the N1 component, which is considered a
temporal marker for object processing in the ventral
visual stream. This pattern of effects suggests that
this task invokes an allocentric (object-based) form of
visuospatial attention. Further, at 3\% contrast, the
line-bisection effect was equivalent to the effects
seen at higher contrast levels, suggesting that
parvocellular inputs are not necessary for successful
performance of this task.},
AUTHORADDRESS = {The Cognitive Neurophysiology Laboratory, Nathan S.
Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Program in
Cognitive Neuroscience and Schizophrenia, 140 Old
Orangeburg Road, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA.
foxe@nki.rfmh.org},
KEYWORDS = {Adult ; Algorithms ; Attention/*physiology ; *Brain
Mapping ; Cerebral Cortex/*physiology ;
Electroencephalography ; Evoked Potentials,
Visual/physiology ; Female ; Human ; Image Processing,
Computer-Assisted ; Laterality/*physiology ; Male ;
Middle Aged ; Photic Stimulation ; Psychometrics ;
Space Perception/*physiology ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.},
LANGUAGE = {eng},
MEDLINE-AID = {S1053811903000570 [pii]},
MEDLINE-DA = {20030725},
MEDLINE-DCOM = {20030909},
MEDLINE-EDAT = {2003/07/26 05:00},
MEDLINE-FAU = {Foxe, John J ; McCourt, Mark E ; Javitt, Daniel C},
MEDLINE-GR = {EY12267/EY/NEI ; MH49334/MH/NIMH ; MH63434/MH/NIMH},
MEDLINE-IS = {1053-8119},
MEDLINE-JID = {9215515},
MEDLINE-LR = {20031114},
MEDLINE-MHDA = {2003/09/10 05:00},
MEDLINE-OWN = {NLM},
MEDLINE-PL = {United States},
MEDLINE-PMID = {12880801},
MEDLINE-PST = {ppublish},
MEDLINE-PT = {Clinical Trial ; Journal Article},
MEDLINE-SB = {IM},
MEDLINE-SO = {NeuroImage 2003 Jul;19(3):710-26.},
MEDLINE-STAT = {completed},
URL = {http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?cmd=prlinks&dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&id=12880801},
YEAR = 2003
}
@ARTICLE{FMT+00,
AUTHOR = {Friston, K. J. and Mechelli, A. and Turner, R. and
Price, C. J.},
TITLE = {Nonlinear responses in f{MRI}: the {B}alloon model,
{V}olterra kernels, and other hemodynamics},
JOURNAL = {NeuroImage},
VOLUME = {12},
NUMBER = {4},
PAGES = {466-477},
ABSTRACT = {There is a growing appreciation of the importance of
nonlinearities in evoked responses in fMRI,
particularly with the advent of event-related fMRI.
These nonlinearities are commonly expressed as
interactions among stimuli that can lead to the
suppression and increased latency of responses to a
stimulus that are incurred by a preceding stimulus. We
have presented previously a model-free characterization
of these effects using generic techniques from
nonlinear system identification, namely a Volterra
series formulation. At the same time Buxton et al.
(1998) described a plausible and compelling dynamical
model of hemodynamic signal transduction in fMRI.
Subsequent work by Mandeville et al. (1999) provided
important theoretical and empirical constraints on the
form of the dynamic relationship between blood flow and
volume that underpins the evolution of the fMRI signal.
In this paper we combine these system identification
and model-based approaches and ask whether the Balloon
model is sufficient to account for the nonlinear
behaviors observed in real time series. We conclude
that it can, and furthermore the model parameters that
ensue are biologically plausible. This conclusion is
based on the observation that the Balloon model can
produce Volterra kernels that emulate empirical
kernels. To enable this evaluation we had to embed the
Balloon model in a hemodynamic input-state-output model
that included the dynamics of perfusion changes that
are contingent on underlying synaptic activation. This
paper presents (i) the full hemodynamic model (ii), how
its associated Volterra kernels can be derived, and
(iii) addresses the model's validity in relation to
empirical nonlinear characterizations of evoked
responses in fMRI and other neurophysiological
constraints.},
AUTHORADDRESS = {The Wellcome Department of Cognitive Neurology,
Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG,
United Kingdom.},
KEYWORDS = {Brain/*physiology ; Cerebrovascular
Circulation/*physiology ; Hemodynamic
Processes/physiology ; *Magnetic Resonance Imaging ;
*Models, Cardiovascular ; *Models, Neurological ;
*Nonlinear Dynamics ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't},
LANGUAGE = {eng},
MEDLINE-AID = {10.1006/nimg.2000.0630 [doi] ; S105381190090630X [pii]},
MEDLINE-CI = {Copyright 2000 Academic Press.},
MEDLINE-DA = {20001023},
MEDLINE-DCOM = {20001101},
MEDLINE-EDAT = {2000/09/16 11:00},
MEDLINE-FAU = {Friston, K J ; Mechelli, A ; Turner, R ; Price, C J},
MEDLINE-IS = {1053-8119},
MEDLINE-JID = {9215515},
MEDLINE-LR = {20031114},
M